{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T16:41:10Z","timestamp":1740156070838,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]],"date-time":"2019-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557360000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018R1C1B5083050"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"Hard real-time systems are employed in military, aeronautics, and astronautics fields where deployed systems are susceptible to software faults that can result in functional errors. Thus, there is a need to use fault-tolerant (FT) real-time scheduling. Among the various fault-tolerant real-time scheduling techniques, re-execution has been applied widely to existing real-time systems owing to its simplicity and applicability. However, re-execution requires multiple executions of every task, and some tasks miss their deadlines owing to the prolonged execution time; therefore, it has been found to be suitable for only soft real-time systems. In this paper, we propose an FT policy that can be incorporated into most (if not all) existing real-time scheduling algorithms on multiprocessor systems, which improves the reliability of the target system without a tradeoff against schedulability. As a case study, we apply the FT policy to existing fixed-priority scheduling and earliest deadline zero-laxity scheduling, and we demonstrate that it enhances reliability without schedulability loss.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym11050651","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]],"date-time":"2019-05-09T15:22:35Z","timestamp":1557415355000},"page":"651","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Task-Level Re-Execution Framework for Improving Fault Tolerance on Symmetry Multiprocessors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9518-3556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyeongboo","family":"Baek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Incheon National University (INU), Incheon 22012, Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5887-2184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaewoo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial Security, Chung-Ang University (CAU), Seoul 06974, Korea"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1145\/321738.321743","article-title":"Scheduling Algorithms for Multi-programming in A Hard-Real-Time Environment","volume":"20","author":"Liu","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. 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