{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T05:28:30Z","timestamp":1736227710019,"version":"3.32.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,29]],"date-time":"2024-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001937","name":"American Floral Endowment","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["RAMFE0001364801"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001937","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005888","name":"Horticultural Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SHRIN0001319101"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005888","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"USDA-NIFA-SCRI","award":["2018-51181-28365"]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100022967","name":"College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100022967","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Office of the Senior Vice President for Academic Affairs and Provost"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"The survival and growth of young plants hinge on various factors, such as seed quality and environmental conditions. Assessing seedling potential\/vigor for a robust crop yield is crucial but often resource-intensive. This study explores cost-effective imaging techniques for rapid evaluation of seedling vigor, offering a practical solution to a common problem in agricultural research. In the first phase, nine lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cultivars were sown in trays and monitored using chlorophyll fluorescence imaging thrice weekly for two weeks. The second phase involved integrating embedded computers equipped with cameras for phenotyping. These systems captured and analyzed images four times daily, covering the entire growth cycle from seeding to harvest for four specific cultivars. All resulting data were promptly uploaded to the cloud, allowing for remote access and providing real-time information on plant performance. Results consistently showed the \u2018Muir\u2019 cultivar to have a larger canopy size and better germination, though \u2018Sparx\u2019 and \u2018Crispino\u2019 surpassed it in final dry weight. A non-linear model accurately predicted lettuce plant weight using seedling canopy size in the first study. The second study improved prediction accuracy with a sigmoidal growth curve from multiple harvests (R2 = 0.88, RMSE = 0.27, p < 0.001). Utilizing embedded computers in controlled environments offers efficient plant monitoring, provided there is a uniform canopy structure and minimal plant overlap.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24134225","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T14:14:46Z","timestamp":1719843286000},"page":"4225","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Low-Cost Imaging to Quantify Germination Rate and Seedling Vigor across Lettuce Cultivars"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0549-4042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Iradukunda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Horticulture, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5491-0622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc W.","family":"van Iersel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Horticulture, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8023-5269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lynne","family":"Seymour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2685-5563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guoyu","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6873-7995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rhuanito Soranz","family":"Ferrarezi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Horticulture, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"cov026","DOI":"10.1093\/conphys\/cov026","article-title":"Towards a better monitoring of seed ageing under ex-situ seed conservation","volume":"3","author":"Fu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Conserv. 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