{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]],"date-time":"2024-09-20T17:00:39Z","timestamp":1726851639143},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,10]],"date-time":"2023-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"BBSRC and InnovateUK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BB\/M027333\/1"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Scottish Government\u2019s Rural and Environmental Science and Analytical Services Division"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"This paper reports on the use of estimates of individual animal feed intake (made using time spent feeding measurements) to predict the Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), a measure of the amount of feed consumed to produce 1 kg of body mass, for an individual animal. Reported research to date has evaluated the ability of statistical methods to predict daily feed intake based on measurements of time spent feeding measured using electronic feeding systems. The study collated data of the time spent eating for 80 beef animals over a 56-day period as the basis for the prediction of feed intake. A Support Vector Regression (SVR) model was trained to predict feed intake and the performance of the approach was quantified. Here, feed intake predictions are used to estimate individual FCR and use this information to categorise animals into three groups based on the estimated Feed Conversion Ratio value. Results provide evidence of the feasibility of utilising the \u2018time spent eating\u2019 data to estimate feed intake and in turn Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), the latter providing insights that guide farmer decisions on the optimisation of production costs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23104621","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,11]],"date-time":"2023-05-11T05:37:24Z","timestamp":1683783444000},"page":"4621","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) and Performance Group Estimation Based on Predicted Feed Intake for the Optimisation of Beef Production"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9450-1791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chris","family":"Davison","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5132-4572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Craig","family":"Michie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9150-6805","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christos","family":"Tachtatzis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9093-5245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan","family":"Andonovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7398-8353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jenna","family":"Bowen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scotland\u2019s Rural College, Beef and Sheep Research Centre, SRUC, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK"}]},{"given":"Carol-Anne","family":"Duthie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scotland\u2019s Rural College, Beef and Sheep Research Centre, SRUC, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"IPCC (2014). 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