{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T14:51:48Z","timestamp":1740149508973,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]],"date-time":"2023-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672963200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["11802132"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["BK20180446"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2020M671493","2019M652433"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010242","name":"Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Funds","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010242","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ZR2018BF001"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"Fringe projection profilometry (FPP) and digital image correlation (DIC) are widely applied in three-dimensional (3D) measurements. The combination of DIC and FPP can effectively overcome their respective shortcomings. However, the speckle on the surface of an object seriously affects the quality and modulation of fringe images captured by cameras, which will lead to non-negligible errors in the measurement results. In this paper, we propose a fringe image extraction method based on deep learning technology, which transforms speckle-embedded fringe images into speckle-free fringe images. The principle of the proposed method, 3D coordinate calculation, and deformation measurements are introduced. Compared with the traditional 3D-DIC method, the experimental results show that this method is effective and precise.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23020680","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,9]],"date-time":"2023-01-09T11:38:27Z","timestamp":1673264307000},"page":"680","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["High-Accuracy Three-Dimensional Deformation Measurement System Based on Fringe Projection and Speckle Correlation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Chuang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6859-4173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"}]},{"given":"Zhihong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"299","article-title":"3D Measurement and Feature Extraction for Metal Nuts","volume":"Volume 313","author":"Barolli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Advances in Networked-Based Information Systems"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2022.02.004","article-title":"CineCT platform for in vivo and ex vivo measurement of 3D high resolution Lagrangian strains in the left ventricle following myocardial infarction and intramyocardial delivery of theranostic hydrogel","volume":"166","author":"Midgett","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2016.03.005","article-title":"3D modeling by means of videogrammetry and laser scanners for reverse engineering","volume":"87","author":"Coll","year":"2016","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1364\/AOP.3.000128","article-title":"Structured-light 3D surface imaging: A tutorial","volume":"3","author":"Geng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Adv. Opt. Photon."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu, C., Ji, F., Xue, J., and Wang, Y. (2019). Adaptive Binocular Fringe Dynamic Projection Method for High Dynamic Range Measurement. Sensors, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/s19184023"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlaseng.2009.03.008","article-title":"Recent progresses on real-time 3D shape measurement using digital fringe projection techniques","volume":"48","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Opt. Lasers Eng."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19493","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.20.019493","article-title":"High-speed three-dimensional profilometry for multiple objects with complex shapes","volume":"20","author":"Zuo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlaseng.2020.106192","article-title":"Microscopic fringe projection profilometry: A review","volume":"135","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Opt. Lasers Eng."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112601","DOI":"10.3788\/COL202220.112601","article-title":"High-speed three-dimensional shape measurement with inner shifting-phase fringe projection profilometry","volume":"20","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin. Opt. Lett."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymssp.2017.03.008","article-title":"Single-camera high-speed stereo-digital image correlation for full-field vibration measurement","volume":"94","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mech. Syst. Signal Process."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compstruct.2016.10.096","article-title":"Application of Digital Image Correlation to composite reinforcements testing","volume":"160","author":"Tekieli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Compos. Struct."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlaseng.2009.09.001","article-title":"Fringe projection techniques: Whither we are?","volume":"48","author":"Gorthi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Opt. Lasers Eng."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4700","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.25.004700","article-title":"Phase-shifting profilometry combined with Gray-code patterns projection: Unwrapping error removal by an adaptive median filter","volume":"25","author":"Zheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"084106","DOI":"10.1117\/1.OE.60.8.084106","article-title":"Reconstruction of moving object with single fringe pattern based on phase shifting profilometry","volume":"60","author":"Wei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Opt. Eng."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ding, Y., Lu, P., He, B., Huang, X., Li, G., Wang, Z., Zhou, Y., and Zhu, Z. (2021, January 12\u201314). Speckle Deformation Measurement Based on Pixel Correlation Search Method. Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE 5th Advanced Information Technology, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IAEAC), Chongqing, China.","DOI":"10.1109\/IAEAC50856.2021.9390818"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.istruc.2020.08.056","article-title":"Framework to optimise two-dimensional DIC measurements at different orders of accuracy for concrete structures","volume":"28","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Structures"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconcomp.2021.104198","article-title":"Real-time localization of micro-damage in concrete beams using DIC technology and wavelet packet analysis","volume":"123","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Compos."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlaseng.2012.07.020","article-title":"Shape and deformation measurement system by combining fringe projection and digital image correlation","volume":"51","author":"Shi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Opt. Lasers Eng."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121711","DOI":"10.1117\/1.OE.55.12.121711","article-title":"Integration of fringe projection and two-dimensional digital image correlation for three-dimensional displacements measurements","volume":"55","author":"Siegmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Opt. Eng."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21692","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.398492","article-title":"Deep learning-based fringe modulation-enhancing method for accurate fringe projection profilometry","volume":"28","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2644","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.14.002644","article-title":"High-resolution, real-time 3D absolute coordinate measurement based on a phase-shifting method","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yamaguchi, I. (2018, January 9\u201312). Digital simulation of speckle patterns. Proceedings of the Speckle 2018: VII International Conference on Speckle Metrology, Jan\u00f3w Podlaski, Poland.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2318655"},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"234","article-title":"U-Net: Convolutional networks for biomedical image segmentation","volume":"Volume 9351","author":"Navab","year":"2015","journal-title":"Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention\u2014MICCAI 2015"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"083601","DOI":"10.1117\/1.2336196","article-title":"Novel method for structured light system calibration","volume":"45","author":"Zhang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Opt. Eng."}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/23\/2\/680\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T06:07:52Z","timestamp":1736143672000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/23\/2\/680"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["s23020680"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s23020680","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1424-8220"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]]}}}