{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T10:27:21Z","timestamp":1745576841062,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,17]],"date-time":"2022-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology","award":["13-INF2456-08-R"]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"Vehicle tailgating or simply tailgating is a hazardous driving habit. Tailgating occurs when a vehicle moves very close behind another one while not leaving adequate separation distance in case the vehicle in front stops unexpectedly; this separation distance is technically called \u201cAssured Clear Distance Ahead\u201d (ACDA) or Safe Driving Distance. Advancements in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) and the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) have made it of tremendous significance to have an intelligent approach for connected vehicles to avoid tailgating; this paper proposes a new Internet of Vehicles (IoV) based technique that enables connected vehicles to determine ACDA or Safe Driving Distance and Safe Driving Speed to avoid a forward collision. The technique assumes two cases: In the first case, the vehicle has Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB) system, while in the second case, the vehicle has no AEB. Safe Driving Distance and Safe Driving Speed are calculated under several variables. Experimental results show that Safe Driving Distance and Safe Driving Speed depend on several parameters such as weight of the vehicle, tires status, length of the vehicle, speed of the vehicle, type of road (snowy asphalt, wet asphalt, or dry asphalt or icy road) and the weather condition (clear or foggy). The study found that the technique is effective in calculating Safe Driving Distance, thereby resulting in forward collision avoidance by connected vehicles and maximizing road utilization by dynamically enforcing the minimum required safe separating gap as a function of the current values of the affecting parameters, including the speed of the surrounding vehicles, the road condition, and the weather condition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22187051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,19]],"date-time":"2022-09-19T08:49:22Z","timestamp":1663577362000},"page":"7051","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Safe Driving Distance and Speed for Collision Avoidance in Connected Vehicles"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4388-1998","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samir A.","family":"Elsagheer Mohamed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Engineering Department, College of Computer, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Computer Science and Engineering Department, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg-El-Arab City 21934, Egypt"},{"name":"Faculty of Engineering, Aswan University, Qism Aswan 81528, Egypt"}]},{"given":"Khaled A.","family":"Alshalfan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer and Information Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6939-013X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed A.","family":"Al-Hagery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BIND Research Group, College of Computer, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Computer Science, College of Computer, Qassim University, Buraidah 52571, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0990-5805","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed Tahar","family":"Ben Othman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BIND Research Group, College of Computer, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Computer Science, College of Computer, Qassim University, Buraidah 52571, Saudi Arabia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2021.3125075","article-title":"Reshaping the Intelligent Transportation Scene: Challenges of an Operational and Safe Internet of Vehicles","volume":"55","author":"Alexakos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Computer"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13486","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2022.3143124","article-title":"User-Centered Cooperative Communication Strategy for 5G Internet of Vehicles","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2020.3009455","article-title":"Routing With Traffic Awareness and Link Preference in Internet of Vehicles","volume":"23","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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