{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T14:51:05Z","timestamp":1740149465156,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]],"date-time":"2021-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["315230_184913","PP00P2_157601\/1"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a chronic and progressive disease that affects predominantly elderly subjects. The most prevalent symptoms are gait disorders, generally determined by visual observation or measurements taken in complex laboratory environments. However, controlled testing environments can have a significant influence on the way subjects walk and hinder the identification of natural walking characteristics. The study aimed to investigate the differences in walking patterns between a controlled environment (10 m walking test) and real-world environment (72 h recording) based on measurements taken via a wearable gait assessment device. We tested whether real-world environment measurements can be beneficial for the identification of gait disorders by performing a comparison of patients\u2019 gait parameters with an aged-matched control group in both environments. Subsequently, we implemented four machine learning classifiers to inspect the individual strides\u2019 profiles. Our results on twenty young subjects, twenty elderly subjects and twelve NPH patients indicate that patients exhibited a considerable difference between the two environments, in particular gait speed (p-value p=0.0073), stride length (p-value p=0.0073), foot clearance (p-value p=0.0117) and swing\/stance ratio (p-value p=0.0098). Importantly, measurements taken in real-world environments yield a better discrimination of NPH patients compared to the controlled setting. Finally, the use of stride classifiers provides promise in the identification of strides affected by motion disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21196451","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,28]],"date-time":"2021-09-28T02:16:38Z","timestamp":1632795398000},"page":"6451","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Data-Driven Investigation of Gait Patterns in Individuals Affected by Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0183-6750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kiran","family":"Kuruvithadam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Product Development Group Zurich, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3306-7730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcel","family":"Menner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Dynamic Systems and Control, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4060-4098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William R.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Movement Biomechanics, Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland"}]},{"given":"Melanie N.","family":"Zeilinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Dynamic Systems and Control, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland"}]},{"given":"Lennart","family":"Stieglitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6411-8871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marianne","family":"Schmid Daners","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Product Development Group Zurich, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abu-Faraj, Z.O., Harris, G.F., Smith, P.A., and Hassani, S. 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