{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T14:50:10Z","timestamp":1740149410812,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,21]],"date-time":"2020-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1579564800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"The current agricultural water panorama in many Mediterranean countries is composed by desalination facilities, wells (frequently overexploited), the water public utility network, and several consumer agents with different water needs. This distributed water network requires centralized management methods for its proper use, which are difficult to implement as the different agents are usually geographically separated. In this sense, the use of enabling technologies such as the Internet of Things can be essential to the proper operation of these agroindustrial systems. In this paper, an Internet of Things cloud architecture based on the FIWARE standard is proposed for interconnecting the several agents that make up the agroindustrial system. In addition, this architecture includes an efficient management method based on a model predictive control technique, which is aimed at minimizing operating costs. A case study inspired by three real facilities located in Almer\u00eda (southeast of Spain) is used as the simulation test bed. The obtained results show how around 75% of the total operating costs can be saved with the application of the proposed approach, which could be very significant to decrease the costs of desalinated water and, therefore, to maintain the sustainability of the agricultural system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20030596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,21]],"date-time":"2020-01-21T16:25:59Z","timestamp":1579623959000},"page":"596","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["An IoT Architecture for Water Resource Management in Agroindustrial Environments: A Case Study in Almer\u00eda (Spain)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4122-1355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Inform\u00e1tica, Escuela Superior de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad de Almer\u00eda, ceiA3, CIESOL, Ctra. Sacramento s\/n, 04120 Almer\u00eda, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1484-6923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Inform\u00e1tica, Escuela Superior de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad de Almer\u00eda, ceiA3, CIESOL, Ctra. Sacramento s\/n, 04120 Almer\u00eda, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8724-5136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lidia","family":"Roca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Convenio Universidad de Almer\u00eda, Plataforma Solar de Almer\u00eda, Ctra. Sen\u00e9s s\/n, 04200 Tabernas, Almer\u00eda, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9536-1922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Inform\u00e1tica, Escuela Superior de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad de Almer\u00eda, ceiA3, CIESOL, Ctra. Sacramento s\/n, 04120 Almer\u00eda, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3349-7506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Berenguel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Inform\u00e1tica, Escuela Superior de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad de Almer\u00eda, ceiA3, CIESOL, Ctra. Sacramento s\/n, 04120 Almer\u00eda, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"367","article-title":"Intensive agriculture, marketing and social structure: The case of South-eastern Spain","volume":"64","year":"2018","journal-title":"Agric. Econ."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cazcarro, I., Duarte, R., Mart\u00edn-Retortillo, M., Pinilla, V., and Serrano, A. (2015). Water scarcity and agricultural growth in Spain: From curse to blessing. 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