{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,17]],"date-time":"2024-07-17T00:11:13Z","timestamp":1721175073408},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,4]],"date-time":"2019-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"Dust aerosols, which have diverse and strong influences on the environment, must be monitored. Satellite data are effective for monitoring atmospheric conditions globally. In this work, the modified CO2 slicing method, a cloud detection technique using thermal infrared data from space, was applied to GOSAT data to detect the dust aerosol layer height. The results were compared using lidar measurements. Comparison of horizontal distributions found for northern Africa during summer revealed that both the relative frequencies of the low level aerosol layer from the slicing method and the dust frequencies of CALIPSO are high in northern coastal areas. Comparisons of detected layer top heights using collocated data with CALIPSO and ground-based lidar consistently showed high detection frequencies of the lower level aerosol layer, although the slicing method sometimes produces overestimates. This tendency is significant over land. The main causes of this tendency might be uncertainty of the surface skin temperature and a temperature inversion layer in the atmosphere. The results revealed that obtaining the detailed behavior of dust aerosols using the modified slicing method alone is difficult.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19071615","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,4]],"date-time":"2019-04-04T15:31:57Z","timestamp":1554391917000},"page":"1615","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Dust Aerosol Detection by the Modified CO2 Slicing Method"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6176-3664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Someya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan"}]},{"given":"Ryoichi","family":"Imasu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8568, Japan"}]},{"given":"Kei","family":"Shiomi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Tsukuba 305-8505, Japan"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1029\/2000RG000095","article-title":"Environmental characterization of global sources of atmospheric soil dust identified with the Nimbus 7 Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) absorbing aerosol product","volume":"40","author":"Prospero","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rev. Geophys."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3415","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-5-3415-2005","article-title":"A comprehensive evaluation of water uptake on atmospherically relevant mineral surfaces: DRIFT spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and aerosol growth measurements","volume":"5","author":"Gustafsson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0889.2008.00388.x","article-title":"State of mixing, shape factor, number size distribution, and hygroscopic growth of the Saharan anthropogenic and mineral dust aerosol at Tinfou, Morocco","volume":"61","author":"Kaaden","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tellus B Chem. Phys. Meteorol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.1126\/science.209.4464.1522","article-title":"Long-range atmospheric transport of soil dust from Asia to the tropical North Pacific-temporal variability","volume":"209","author":"Duce","year":"1980","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5343","DOI":"10.1029\/JC088iC09p05343","article-title":"Transport of mineral aerosol from Asia over the North Pacific-Ocean","volume":"88","author":"Uematsu","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Atmos."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18317","DOI":"10.1029\/2000JD900788","article-title":"Asian dust events of April 1998","volume":"106","author":"Husar","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kurosaki, Y., and Mikami, M. (2003). Recent frequent dust events and their relation to surface wind in East Asia. Geophys. Res. Lett., 30.","DOI":"10.1029\/2003GL017261"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4778","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2008.01.040","article-title":"Transport routes and source regions of Asian dust observed in Korea during the past 40 years (1965\u20132004)","volume":"42","author":"Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2011.05.065","article-title":"Recent increasing trend in dust frequency over Mongolia and Inner Mongolia regions and its association with climate and surface condition change","volume":"45","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.43.000961","article-title":"Aerosol lidar intercomparison in the framework of the EARLINET project. 1.Instruments","volume":"43","author":"Matthais","year":"2004","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.43.000977","article-title":"Aerosol lidar intercomparison in the framework of the EARLINET project. 2.Aerosol backscatter algorithms","volume":"43","author":"Wandinger","year":"2004","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Papayannis, A., Amiridis, V., Mona, L., Tsaknakis, G., Balis, D., B\u00f6senberg, J., Chaikovski, A., De Tomasi, F., Grigorov, I., and Mattis, I. (2008). Systematic lidar observations of Saharan dust over Europe in the frame of EARLINET (2000\u20132002). J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 113.","DOI":"10.1029\/2007JD009028"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ansmann, A., B\u00f6senberg, J., Chaikovsky, A., Comer\u00f3n, A., Eckhardt, S., Eixmann, R., Freudenthaler, V., Ginoux, P., Komguem, L., and Linn\u00e9, H. (2003). Long-range transport of Saharan dust to northern Europe: The 11\u201316 October 2001 outbreak observed with EARLINET. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 108.","DOI":"10.1029\/2003JD003757"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3577","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-8-3577-2015","article-title":"A methodology for investigating dust model performance using synergistic EARLINET\/AERONET dust concentration retrievals","volume":"8","author":"Binietoglou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Atmos. Meas. Tech."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wiegner, M., Gro\u00df, S., Freudenthaler, V., Schnell, F., and Gasteiger, J. (2011). The May\/June 2008 Saharan dust event over Munich: Intensive aerosol parameters from lidar measurements. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 116.","DOI":"10.1029\/2011JD016619"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0889.2008.00400.x","article-title":"EARLINET observations of the 14\u201322-May long-range dust transport event during SAMUM 2006: Validation of results from dust transport modelling","volume":"61","author":"Heinold","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tellus B"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11535","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-16-11535-2016","article-title":"Saharan dust contribution to the Caribbean summertime boundary layer\u2014A lidar study during SALTRACE","volume":"16","author":"Gasteiger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12963","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-17-12963-2017","article-title":"Profiling of Saharan dust from the Caribbean to western Africa\u2014Part~1: Layering structures and optical properties from shipborne~polarization\/Raman lidar observations","volume":"17","author":"Rittmeister","year":"2017","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1080\/00022470.1975.10470118","article-title":"Measurements of atmospheric aerosol optical thickness over water using erts-1 data","volume":"25","author":"Griggs","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0493(1979)107<0322:ATISDO>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Atmospheric turbidity in Saharan dust outbreaks as determined by analyses of satellite brightness data","volume":"107","author":"Carlson","year":"1979","journal-title":"Mon. Weather Rev."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0450(1980)019<0633:AMFCDA>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"A model for calculating desert aerosol turbidity over the oceans from geostationary satellite data","volume":"19","author":"Norton","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Appl. Meteorol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2229","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0477(1999)080<2229:RSOTAF>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Remote sensing of tropospheric aerosols from space: Past, present, and future","volume":"80","author":"King","year":"1999","journal-title":"Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0493(1974)102<0830:TDODSO>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Detection of dust storms over land and water with satellite visible and infrared measurements","volume":"102","author":"Shenk","year":"1974","journal-title":"Mon. Weather Rev."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-4257(89)90012-6","article-title":"Using the radiative temperature difference at 3.7 and 11 \u03bcm to track dust outbreaks","volume":"27","author":"Ackerman","year":"1989","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloplacha.2006.02.011","article-title":"A review on East Asian dust storm climate, modelling and monitoring","volume":"52","author":"Shao","year":"2006","journal-title":"Glob. Planet. Chang."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1029\/2002GL015910","article-title":"The spectral radiative signature of wind-blown mineral dust: Implications for remote sensing in the thermal IR region","volume":"29","author":"Sokolik","year":"2002","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"5","article-title":"Infrared dust spectral signatures from AIRS","volume":"33","author":"Strow","year":"2006","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1029\/2012JD017466","article-title":"An improved radiance simulation for hyperspectral infrared remote sensing of Asian dust","volume":"117","author":"Han","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-4-1813-2004","article-title":"Dust altitude and infrared optical depth from AIRS","volume":"4","author":"Pierangelo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"15","article-title":"Infrared retrievals of dust using AIRS: Comparisons of optical depths and heights derived for a North African dust storm to other collocated EOS A-Train and surface observations","volume":"115","author":"Strow","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1029\/2012JD017799","article-title":"Asian dust height and infrared optical depth retrievals over land from hyperspectral longwave infrared radiances","volume":"117","author":"Yao","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1002\/jgrd.50170","article-title":"Retrieving Asian dust AOT and height from hyperspectral sounder measurements: An artificial neural network approach","volume":"118","author":"Han","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2577","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-6-2577-2013","article-title":"De Retrieval of desert dust aerosol vertical profiles from IASI measurements in the TIR atmospheric window","volume":"6","author":"Vandenbussche","year":"2013","journal-title":"Atmos. Meas. Tech."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7099","DOI":"10.1002\/2014JD022406","article-title":"Three-dimensional distribution of a major desert dust outbreak over East Asia in March 2008 derived from IASI satellite observations","volume":"120","author":"Cuesta","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Atmos."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2729","DOI":"10.1080\/01431160903085644","article-title":"The determination of dust cloud altitudes from a satellite using hyperspectral measurements in the gaseous absorption band","volume":"31","author":"Kokhanovsky","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Winker, D.M., Hunt, W.H., and McGill, M.J. (2007). Initial performance assessment of CALIOP. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34.","DOI":"10.1029\/2007GL030135"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1994","DOI":"10.1175\/2009JTECHA1231.1","article-title":"The CALIPSO automated aerosol classification and lidar ratio selection algorithm","volume":"26","author":"Omar","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3345","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-13-3345-2013","article-title":"The global 3-D distribution of tropospheric aerosols as characterized by CALIOP","volume":"13","author":"Winker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5893","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-17-5893-2017","article-title":"Three-dimensional evolution of Saharan dust transport towards Europe based on a 9-year EARLINET-optimized CALIPSO dataset","volume":"17","author":"Marinou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3137","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-9-3137-2009","article-title":"Trans-pacific dust transport: Integrated analysis of NASA\/CALIPSO and a global aerosol transport model","volume":"9","author":"Eguchi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8545","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-9-8545-2009","article-title":"An elevated large-scale dust veil from the Taklimakan Desert: Intercontinental transport and three-dimensional structure as captured by CALIPSO and regional and global models","volume":"9","author":"Yumimoto","year":"2009","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8601","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-18-8601-2018","article-title":"A 3-D evaluation of the MACC reanalysis dust product over Europe, northern Africa and Middle East using CALIOP\/CALIPSO dust satellite observations","volume":"18","author":"Georgoulias","year":"2018","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Someya, Y., Imasu, R., Saitoh, N., Ota, Y., and Shiomi, K. (2016). A development of cloud top height retrieval using thermal infrared spectra observed with GOSAT and comparison with CALIPSO data. Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9.","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-2015-371"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6716","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.48.006716","article-title":"Thermal and near infrared sensor for carbon observation Fourier-transform spectrometer on the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite for greenhouse gases monitoring","volume":"48","author":"Kuze","year":"2009","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sugimoto, N., Matsui, I., Shimizu, A., Nishizawa, T., Hara, Y., and Uno, I. (2010). Lidar network observation of tropospheric aerosols. Proc. SPIE, 7860.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.869900"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0469(1974)031<0233:RSOCAI>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Remote sounding of cloudy atmospheres. 1. single cloud layer","volume":"31","author":"Chahine","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. Atmos. Sci."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0450(1978)017<1796:COSDCH>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Comparison of satellite-deduced cloud heights with indications from radiosonde and ground-based laser measurements","volume":"17","author":"Smith","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Appl. Meteorol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0450(1983)022<0377:ICMWVA>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Improved cloud motion wind vector and altitude assignment using VAS","volume":"22","author":"Menzel","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Clim. Appl. Meteorol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jqsrt.2004.05.058","article-title":"Atmospheric radiative transfer modeling: A summary of the AER codes","volume":"91","author":"Clough","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jqsrt.2013.07.002","article-title":"The HITRAN2012 molecular spectroscopic database","volume":"130","author":"Rothman","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2008.11.007","article-title":"The ASTER spectral library version 2.0","volume":"113","author":"Baldridge","year":"2009","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0450(1992)031<0370:SADCIC>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Seasonal and diurnal changes in cirrus clouds as seen in 4 years of observations with the VAS","volume":"31","author":"Menzel","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Appl. Meteorol."}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/19\/7\/1615\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]],"date-time":"2024-07-16T16:30:22Z","timestamp":1721147422000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/19\/7\/1615"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,4]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}},"alternative-id":["s19071615"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s19071615","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1424-8220","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,4]]}}}