{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T14:48:12Z","timestamp":1740149292253,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,16]],"date-time":"2018-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1523836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"Hydraulic factors account for a large part of the causes of bridge collapse. Due to the nature of the underwater environment, quick and accurate inspection is required when damage occurs. In this study, we developed a 2 MHz side scan sonar sensor module and effective operation technique by improving the limitations of existing sonar. Through field tests, we analyzed the correlation of factors affecting the resolution of the sonar data such as the angle of survey, the distance from the underwater structure and the water depth. The effect of the distance and the water depth and the structure on the survey angle was 66~82%. We also derived the relationship between these factors as a regression model for effective operating techniques. It is considered that application of the developed 2 MHz side scan sonar and its operation method could contribute to prevention of bridge collapses and disasters by quickly and accurately checking the damage of bridge substructures due to hydraulic factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18041222","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,16]],"date-time":"2018-04-16T16:40:26Z","timestamp":1523896826000},"page":"1222","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Development of a 2 MHz Sonar Sensor for Inspection of Bridge Substructures"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Chul","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Daum Engineering Co., Ltd., Seongnam-si 13493, Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9496-2045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youngseok","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Daum Engineering Co., Ltd., Seongnam-si 13493, Korea"}]},{"given":"Heungsu","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Daum Engineering Co., Ltd., Seongnam-si 13493, Korea"}]},{"given":"Sangsik","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Daum Engineering Co., Ltd., Seongnam-si 13493, Korea"}]},{"given":"Haewook","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Woori Engineering Co., Ltd., Sejong-si 30054, Korea"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,16]]},"reference":[{"unstructured":"Lee, G.C., Mohan, S.B., Huang, C., and Fard, B.N. (2013). A Study of U.S. Bridge Failures (1980\u20132012), Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, Earthquake Engineering to Extreme Events. Technical Report MCEER-13-0008.","key":"ref_1"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9206898","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/9206898","article-title":"A Study for Optimum Survey Method of Underwater Structure Using the Dual Sonar Sensor","volume":"2017","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Sens."},{"unstructured":"Seo, J. (2014). Current Status and Prospects of Underwater Robot Industry. Korea Inst. Robot Ind. Adv., 2, Available online: https:\/\/www.kiria.org\/planweb\/board.","key":"ref_3"},{"unstructured":"Kye, J.E., Cho, J.I., Yoo, W.P., Choi, S.L., and Park, J.H. (2013). Trends and Applications on Multi-beam Side Scan Sonar Sensor Technology. Electronics and Telecommunications Trends, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute.","key":"ref_4"},{"unstructured":"Ainsilie, M.A. (2010). Principles of Sonar Performance Modeling, Springer. Geophysical Sciences.","key":"ref_5"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Klaucke, I. (2018). Sidescan Sonar. Submarine Geomorphology, Springer International Publishing.","key":"ref_6","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-57852-1_2"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.20481\/kscdp.2016.3.2.67","article-title":"A Study of Operation Methods for Application of Safety Inspection of Underwater Structures using High Resolution Side Scan Sonar","volume":"3","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Coast. Disaster Prev."},{"unstructured":"Ang, A.H.-S., and Tang, W.H. (2007). Probability Concepts in Engineering-Emphasis on Applications in Civil & Environmental Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.","key":"ref_8"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.9798\/KOSHAM.2014.14.3.91","article-title":"Development of predictive model for the number of potholes using multi regression analysis","volume":"14","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Korean Soc. Hazard Mitig."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.7734\/COSEIK.2015.28.3.229","article-title":"Development of the deterioration models for the port structures by the multiple regression analysis and markov chain","volume":"28","author":"Cha","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Comput. Struct. Eng. Inst. Korea"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1080\/19392699.2010.527876","article-title":"Study relationship between inorganic and organic coal analysis with gross calorific value by multiple regression and ANFIS","volume":"31","author":"Chelgani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Coal Prep. Util."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"100","article-title":"Regression analysis of factors in the agricultural production cooperative success of Ilam","volume":"4","author":"Mokhtari","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Trends Adv. Sci. Eng."}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/18\/4\/1222\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,10]],"date-time":"2024-06-10T11:47:31Z","timestamp":1718020051000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/18\/4\/1222"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,16]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]}},"alternative-id":["s18041222"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s18041222","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1424-8220"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,16]]}}}