{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T16:31:57Z","timestamp":1745857917905,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,27]],"date-time":"2017-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506470400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"A multi-gas sensor system was developed that uses a single broadband light source and multiple carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) pyroelectric detectors by use of the time division multiplexing (TDM) technique. A stepper motor-based rotating system and a single-reflection spherical optical mirror were designed and adopted to realize and enhance multi-gas detection. Detailed measurements under static detection mode (without rotation) and dynamic mode (with rotation) were performed to study the performance of the sensor system for the three gas species. Effects of the motor rotating period on sensor performances were also investigated and a rotation speed of 0.4\u03c0 rad\/s was required to obtain a stable sensing performance, corresponding to a detection period of ~10 s to realize one round of detection. Based on an Allan deviation analysis, the 1\u03c3 detection limits under static operation are 2.96, 4.54 and 2.84 parts per million in volume (ppmv) for CO, CO2 and CH4, respectively and the 1\u03c3 detection limits under dynamic operations are 8.83, 8.69 and 10.29 ppmv for the three gas species, respectively. The reported sensor has potential applications in various fields requiring CO, CO2 and CH4 detection such as in coal mines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s17102221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,27]],"date-time":"2017-09-27T14:52:25Z","timestamp":1506523945000},"page":"2221","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":92,"title":["Development and Measurements of a Mid-Infrared Multi-Gas Sensor System for CO, CO2 and CH4 Detection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Ming","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"}]},{"given":"Chuantao","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"}]},{"given":"Shuzhuo","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"}]},{"given":"Qiaoling","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"}]},{"given":"Yiding","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2245-7565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank","family":"Tittel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2548","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.56.002548","article-title":"Multiband infrared inversion for low-concentration methane monitoring in a confined dust-polluted atmosphere","volume":"56","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl. 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