{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T14:47:18Z","timestamp":1740149238184,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,15]],"date-time":"2016-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1471219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"Special Foundation of China Postdoctoral Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2013T6054"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61301022"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Key Technology Support Program","award":["2015BAI02B04"]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BK20140801"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"Targets located at the same distance are easily neglected in most through-wall multiple targets detecting applications which use the single-input single-output (SISO) ultra-wideband (UWB) radar system. In this paper, a novel multiple targets vital signs tracking algorithm for through-wall detection using SISO UWB radar has been proposed. Taking advantage of the high-resolution decomposition of the Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) based algorithm, the respiration signals of different targets can be decomposed into different sub-signals, and then, we can track the time-varying respiration signals accurately when human targets located in the same distance. Intensive evaluation has been conducted to show the effectiveness of our scheme with a 0.15 m thick concrete brick wall. Constant, piecewise-constant and time-varying vital signs could be separated and tracked successfully with the proposed VMD based algorithm for two targets, even up to three targets. For the multiple targets\u2019 vital signs tracking issues like urban search and rescue missions, our algorithm has superior capability in most detection applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s16081293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,15]],"date-time":"2016-08-15T13:47:20Z","timestamp":1471268840000},"page":"1293","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Through-Wall Multiple Targets Vital Signs Tracking Based on VMD Algorithm"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3937-6980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiaming","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9061-1339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"}]},{"given":"Yusheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"}]},{"given":"Xiaohua","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6482","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2015.2441957","article-title":"Multiple extended target tracking for through-wall radars","volume":"53","author":"Gennarelli","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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