{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T22:33:25Z","timestamp":1719268405817},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,17]],"date-time":"2013-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1358380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"In an upcoming smart transportation environment, performance evaluations of existing Vehicle Detection Systems are crucial to maintain their accuracy. The existing evaluation method for Vehicle Detection Systems is based on a wired Vehicle Detection System reference and a video recorder, which must be operated and analyzed by capable traffic experts. However, this conventional evaluation system has many disadvantages. It is inconvenient to deploy, the evaluation takes a long time, and it lacks scalability and objectivity. To improve the evaluation procedure, this paper proposes a Portable Vehicle Detector Evaluation System based on wireless sensor networks. We describe both the architecture and design of a Vehicle Detector Evaluation System and the implementation results, focusing on the wireless sensor networks and methods for traffic information measurement. With the help of wireless sensor networks and automated analysis, our Vehicle Detector Evaluation System can evaluate a Vehicle Detection System conveniently and objectively. The extensive evaluations of our Vehicle Detector Evaluation System show that it can measure the traffic information such as volume counts and speed with over 98% accuracy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s130101160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,17]],"date-time":"2013-01-17T16:25:50Z","timestamp":1358439950000},"page":"1160-1182","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["A Wireless Sensor Network-Based Portable Vehicle Detector Evaluation System"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Seong-eun","family":"Yoo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Daegu University, Jilyang-up, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-714, Korea"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sung, J., Ahn, S., Park, T., Jang, S., Yun, D., Kang, J., Yoo, S., Chong, P., and Kim, D. (2008, January 25\u201328). Wireless Sensor Network for Cultural Property Protection. Okinawa, Japan.","DOI":"10.1109\/WAINA.2008.259"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Yoo, S., Kim, J., Kim, T., Ahn, S., Sung, J., and Kim, D. (2007, January 20\u201323). A2S: Automated Agriculture System Based on WSN. Dallas, TX, USA."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3868","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2010.2040630","article-title":"Guaranteeing Real-Time Services for Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks With IEEE 802.15.4","volume":"57","author":"Yoo","year":"2010","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Industr. Electron."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Kanian, A.N. (2000). A Wireless Sensor Network for Smart Roadbeds and Intelligent Transportation Systems. [M.Sc. Thesis, MIT]."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1177\/0361198105191700119","article-title":"Traffic Measurement and Vehicle Classification with a Single Magnetic Sensor","volume":"1917","author":"Cheung","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Transp. Res. Board"},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Ding, J., Yiu, S., Tang, C., and Varaiya, P. (2004, January 3\u20136). Signal Processing of Sensor Node Data for Vehicle Detection. Washington, DC, USA."},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"Barbagli, B., Manes, G., Facchini, R., and Manes, A. (2012, January 24\u201329). Acoustic Sensor Network for Vehicle Traffic Monitoring. Venice, Italy."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"910","article-title":"PEDAMACS: Power efficient and delay aware medium access protocol for sensor networks","volume":"5","author":"Coleri","year":"2006","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Mob. Comput."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yoo, S., Chong, P.K., Park, T., Kim, Y., Kim, D., Shin, C., Sung, K., and Kim, H. (2008, January 25\u201328). DGS: Driving Guidance System Based on Wireless Sensor Network. Okinawa, Japan.","DOI":"10.1109\/WAINA.2008.184"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yoo, S., Chong, P.K., Kim, T., Kang, J., Kim, D., Shin, C., Sung, K., and Jang, B. (2008, January 7\u20139). PGS: Parking Guidance System Based on Wireless Sensor Network. Santorini, Greece.","DOI":"10.1109\/WAINA.2008.184"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10220","DOI":"10.3390\/s111110220","article-title":"A comprehensive approach to WSN-based ITS applications: A Survey","volume":"11","author":"Losilla","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"Jang, J., Baik, N., and Kang, W. Study on Vehicle Detector Performance Test Method. Seoul, Korea."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"353","article-title":"Development of the Portable Standard System for the Vehicle Detectors' Evaluation","volume":"26","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"KSCE J. Civil Eng."},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"Heo, W., Baik, N., and Kang, W. (, January October). Performance Evaluation of the Portable ITS Standard Devices for Inspection and Calibration and Case Study(s). Jeju, Korea."},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"Sheik Mohammed Ali, S., George, B., Vanajakshi, L., Jayashankar, V., and Jagadeesh Kumar, V. (2011, January 10\u201312). A Multiple Loop Vehicle Detection System for Heterogeneous and Lane-Less Traffic. Hangzhou, China."},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"Kim, J., and Oh, J. (, January October). A Analysis on Effects and Improvement of Evaluating Traffic Detectors. Busan, Korea."},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"Phan, T., Kwan, B.W., and Tung, L.J. (1997, January 12\u201315). Magnetoresistors for Vehicle Detection and Identification. Orlando, FL, USA."},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"(2006). Vehicle Detection Station Device White Paper, Wilbur Smith Associates\/IBI Group."},{"key":"ref_19","unstructured":"Sharafsaleh, A. (2006). Commercially-off-the-Shelf (COTS) and Emerging Technologies Sensor Testing and Evaluation, University of California at Berkeley. California PATH Research Report, UCB-ITS-PRR-2006-15."},{"key":"ref_20","unstructured":"Cheung, S., and Varaiya, P. (2007). Traffic Surveillance by Wireless Sensor Networks: Final Report, University of California at Berkeley. California PATH Research Report, UCB-ITS-PRR-2007-4."},{"key":"ref_21","unstructured":"Cheung, Y.S., Coleri, S., and Varaiya, P. (, January November). Traffic Surveillance with Wireless Magnetic Sensors. San Francisco, CA, USA."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2007.10.004","article-title":"Wireless magnetic sensors for traffic surveillance","volume":"16","author":"Haoui","year":"2008","journal-title":"Transport. Res. C Emerg. Tech."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1669","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2010.2103937","article-title":"Wireless Magnetic Sensor Node for Vehicle Detection With Optical Wake-Up","volume":"11","author":"Sifuentes","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Sens. J."},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"Karpiriski, M., Senart, A., and Cahill, V. (2006, January 13\u201317). Sensor Networks for Smart Roads. Pisa, Italy."},{"key":"ref_25","unstructured":"Wenjie, C., Lifeng, C., Zhanglong, C., and Shiliang, T. (2005, January 14\u201317). A Realtime Dynamic Traffic Control System Based on Wireless Sensor Network. Oslo, Norway."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1002\/wcm.616","article-title":"Wireless sensor networks in intelligent transportation systems","volume":"9","author":"Tubaishat","year":"2009","journal-title":"Wirel. Commun. Mobile Comput."},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"Jang, J., Oh, J., Kim, S., and Byun, S. Development of Wireless Communication Based-Portable Reference Standard for Evaluating Traffic Detectors. Seoul, Korea."},{"key":"ref_28","unstructured":"Minge, E. (2010). Evaluation of Non-Intrusive Technologies for Traffic Detection, Minnesota Department of Transportation, Office of Policy Analysis, Research and Innovation, SRF Consulting Group, US Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5968","DOI":"10.3390\/s90805968","article-title":"S3: School zone safety system based on wireless sensor network","volume":"9","author":"Yoo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_30","unstructured":"(2003). 802.15.4-2003 IEEE Standard for Information Technology-Part 15.4: Wireless Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications for Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPANs)."},{"key":"ref_31","unstructured":"(2008). MSP430x2xx Family User's Guide, Texas Instruments."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2005.01.002","article-title":"Clock synchronization for wireless sensor networks: a survey","volume":"3","author":"Sundararaman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ad Hoc Netw."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.3390\/s90100056","article-title":"Clock synchronization in wireless sensor networks: An overview","volume":"9","author":"Rhee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_34","unstructured":"(2007). 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15.4\/ZigBee-Ready RF Transceiver (Rev. B), Texas Instruments Inc."},{"key":"ref_35","unstructured":"(2005). 1-Axis Magnetic Sensor HMC1041Z, Honeywell."},{"key":"ref_36","unstructured":"(2005). Application Note\u2014AN218 Vehicle Detection Using AMR Sensors, Honeywell International Inc."},{"key":"ref_37","unstructured":"Available online: http:\/\/www.gwinstek.com\/ (accessed on 7 January 2003)."},{"key":"ref_38","unstructured":"Available online: http:\/\/www.ti.com\/tool\/packet-sniffer (accessed on 7 January 2003)."},{"key":"ref_39","unstructured":"(2007). Accuracy Assessment of the Sensys Wireless Vehicle Detection System by Florida A&M University\/Florida State University, White Papers., Sensys Networks Inc."}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/13\/1\/1160\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,31]],"date-time":"2024-05-31T09:54:43Z","timestamp":1717149283000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/13\/1\/1160"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,17]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]}},"alternative-id":["s130101160"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s130101160","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1424-8220","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,17]]}}}