{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T16:13:14Z","timestamp":1740154394789,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,19]],"date-time":"2017-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1492560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"NSFC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51277167","41371371","41671382"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019082","name":"Shanghai Aerospace Science and Technology Innovation Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SAST2016006"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019082","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Key Laboratory of Spatial Data Mining & Information Sharing of the Ministry of Education","award":["2016LSDMIS06"]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"To optimize the efficiency of the geospatial service in the flood response decision making system, a Parallel Agent-as-a-Service (P-AaaS) method is proposed and implemented in the cloud. The prototype system and comparisons demonstrate the advantages of our approach over existing methods. The P-AaaS method includes both parallel architecture and a mechanism for adjusting the computational resources\u2014the parallel geocomputing mechanism of the P-AaaS method used to execute a geospatial service and the execution algorithm of the P-AaaS based geospatial service chain, respectively. The P-AaaS based method has the following merits: (1) it inherits the advantages of the AaaS-based method (i.e., avoiding transfer of large volumes of remote sensing data or raster terrain data, agent migration, and intelligent conversion into services to improve domain expert collaboration); (2) it optimizes the low performance and the concurrent geoprocessing capability of the AaaS-based method, which is critical for special applications (e.g., highly concurrent applications and emergency response applications); and (3) it adjusts the computing resources dynamically according to the number and the performance requirements of concurrent requests, which allows the geospatial service chain to support a large number of concurrent requests by scaling up the cloud-based clusters in use and optimizes computing resources and costs by reducing the number of virtual machines (VMs) when the number of requests decreases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs9040382","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,19]],"date-time":"2017-04-19T14:22:01Z","timestamp":1492611721000},"page":"382","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Parallel Agent-as-a-Service (P-AaaS) Based Geospatial Service in the Cloud"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8431-1441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xicheng","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International School of Software, Wuhan University, 37 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center for Geo-Informatics and Digital Technology Authorized by National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"}]},{"given":"Song","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology, Yuanjiang Road 3888, Shanghai 201109, China"}]},{"given":"Liping","family":"Di","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA"}]},{"given":"Meixia","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5051-3061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Resources & Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2006 Xiyuan Ave., Chengdu 611731, China"},{"name":"Institute of Remote Sensing Big Data, Big Data Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2006 Xiyuan Ave., Chengdu 611731, China"}]},{"given":"Xinyue","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA"}]},{"given":"Ziheng","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA"}]},{"given":"Weishu","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA"}]},{"given":"Zongyao","family":"Sha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International School of Software, Wuhan University, 37 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center for Geo-Informatics and Digital Technology Authorized by National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6789-3876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaoming","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/s00778-007-0044-3","article-title":"Service oriented architectures: Approaches, technologies and research issues","volume":"16","author":"Papazoglou","year":"2007","journal-title":"VLDB J."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2008.06.091","article-title":"The implementation of SOA within grid structure for disaster monitoring","volume":"36","author":"Fang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Expert Syst. 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