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{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]],"date-time":"2024-09-11T13:21:33Z","timestamp":1726060893832},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]],"date-time":"2023-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009002","name":"Ministry of Education and Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Basic Research program II.16"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"Two strong earthquakes occurred in Turkey on 6 February 2023, at 01:17:34 (nighttime, Mw = 7.8) and at 10:24:50 UT (daytime, Mw = 7.5). The seismo-ionospheric impact is an important part of the near-Earth environment state. This paper provides the first results on the ionospheric effects associated with the aforementioned earthquakes. We used data from global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers and ionosondes. We found that both earthquakes generated circle disturbance in the ionosphere, detected by GNSS data. The amplitude of the ionospheric response caused by daytime M7.5 earthquake exceeded by five times that caused by nighttime M7.8 earthquake: 0.5 TECU\/min and 0.1 TECU\/min, respectively, according to the ROTI data. The velocities of the earthquake-related ionospheric waves were ~2000 m\/s, as measured by ROTI, for the M7.5 earthquake. TEC variations with 2\u201310 min periods showed velocities from 1500 to 900 m\/s as disturbances evolved. Ionospheric disturbances occurred around epicenters and propagated to the south by means of 2\u201310 min TEC variations. ROTI data showed a more symmetric distribution with irregularities observed both to the South and to the North from 10:24:50 UT epicenter. The ionospheric effects were recorded over 750 km from the epicenters. Ionosonde located 420\/490 km from the epicenters did not catch ionospheric effects. The results show significant asymmetry in the propagation of coseismic ionospheric disturbances. We observed coseismic ionospheric disturbances associated with Rayleigh mode and acoustic modes, but we did not observe disturbances associated with acoustic gravity mode.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15092336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]],"date-time":"2023-04-28T13:54:53Z","timestamp":1682690093000},"page":"2336","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Ionospheric Response to the 6 February 2023 Turkey\u2013Syria Earthquake"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8907-2710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artem","family":"Vesnin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Solar Terrestrial Physics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ISTP SB RAS), St. Lermontov 126a, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3098-224X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yury","family":"Yasyukevich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Solar Terrestrial Physics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ISTP SB RAS), St. Lermontov 126a, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Perevalova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Solar Terrestrial Physics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ISTP SB RAS), St. Lermontov 126a, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0833-7113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erman","family":"\u015eent\u00fcrk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geomatics Engineering, Kocaeli University, 41001 Kocaeli, Turkey"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3319\/TAO.2011.08.03.01(T)","article-title":"Seismo-Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Triggered by the 12 May 2008 M 8.0 Wenchuan Earthquake","volume":"23","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Terr. 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