{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]],"date-time":"2024-08-14T11:55:54Z","timestamp":1723636554095},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]],"date-time":"2021-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633478400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"The International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) is an empirical model widely used to describe ionospheric characteristics. In the previous research, high-precision total ionospheric electron content (TEC) data derived from global navigation satellite system (GNSS) data were used to adjust the ionospheric global index IG12 used as a driving parameter in the standard IRI model; thus, the errors between IRI-TEC and GNSS-TEC were minimized, and IRI-TEC was calibrated by modifying IRI with the updated IG12 index (IG-up). This paper investigates various interpolation strategies for IG-up values calculated from GNSS reference stations and the calibrated TEC accuracy achieved using the modified IRI-2016 model with the interpolated IG-up values as driving parameters. Experimental results from 2015 and 2019 show that interpolating IG-up with a 2.5\u00b0 \u00d7 5\u00b0 spatial grid and a 1-h time resolution drives IRI-2016 to generate ionospheric TEC values consistent with GNSS-TEC. For 2015 and 2019, the mean absolute error (MAE) of the modified IRI-TEC is improved by 78.57% and 77.42%, respectively, and the root mean square error (RMSE) is improved by 78.79% and 77.14%, respectively. The corresponding correlations of the linear regression between GNSS-TEC and the modified IRI-TEC are 0.986 and 0.966, more than 0.2 higher than with the standard IRI-TEC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13194002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,9]],"date-time":"2021-10-09T01:26:20Z","timestamp":1633742780000},"page":"4002","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Algorithm Research Using GNSS-TEC Data to Calibrate TEC Calculated by the IRI-2016 Model over China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1208-2069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth\u2019s Dynamics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"given":"Xingliang","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth\u2019s Dynamics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"given":"Yunbin","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth\u2019s Dynamics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"given":"Zishen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"}]},{"given":"Ningbo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1023\/B:ASTR.0000032540.35594.64","article-title":"A New Ionosphere Monitoring Technology Based on GPS","volume":"290","author":"Brunini","year":"2004","journal-title":"Astrophys. 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