{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]],"date-time":"2025-01-08T05:22:37Z","timestamp":1736313757982,"version":"3.32.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,26]],"date-time":"2020-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Nos. 61773132, 61633008, 61803115"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. 2017YFE0131400"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The Heilongjiang Province Research Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars in China","award":["No. YQ2020F009"]},{"name":"The Heilongjiang Province Research Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars","award":["No. JC2018019)"]},{"name":"the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities in China","award":["Nos. 3072019CF0401, 3072020CFJ0402, 3072020CFT0403"]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"Based on the statistical stability of the inter-system bias (ISB), we propose a tightly coupled Differential Global Navigation Satellite System (DGNSS) positioning method by using ionosphere-free combination for the long baseline applications. The proposed method is compatible with the traditional Radio Beacon (RBN) base station implementation. The tightly coupled DGNSS positioning method is utilized at the long baseline rover by eliminating the effect of ionosphere delay with ionosphere-free (IF) based differential ISB calibration. The improved positioning model strength can be obtained with the proposed method when compared with the traditional loosely coupled method, particularly under the satellite-deprived environment. GNSS datasets of different baselines were collected to test the proposed method. The results of the ISB stability show that the ISB has long-term stability and needs to be calibrated when the receiver is rebooted. The positioning results show that when compared with the IF-based loosely coupled method, the IF-based tightly coupled DGNSS method based on ISB calibration can obtain better positioning performance of accuracy and continuity within 240 km baselines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13010067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,28]],"date-time":"2020-12-28T01:52:21Z","timestamp":1609120341000},"page":"67","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Long Baseline Tightly Coupled DGNSS Positioning with Ionosphere-Free Inter-System Bias Calibration"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jianhua","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China"}]},{"given":"Chun","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6429-0404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiaxiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2161-4296.1990.tb01533.x","article-title":"The Effect of Selective Availability on Differential GPS Corrections","volume":"37","author":"Kremer","year":"1990","journal-title":"Navigation"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1017\/S0373463316000825","article-title":"Accounting for Inter-System Bias in DGNSS Positioning with GPS\/GLONASS\/BDS\/Galileo","volume":"70","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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