{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T04:37:21Z","timestamp":1722832641247},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]],"date-time":"2020-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013158","name":"Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17-IA-11083150-001"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013158","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"USDA-NIFA","award":["2020-67030-30714","#2018\/21338-3 and #2019\/14697-0"]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Finance Code 001 (88887.373249\/2019-00) and MCTIC\/CNPqN\u00ba 28\/2018 (408785\/2018-7)."],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) allow efficient acquisition of forest data at very high resolution at relatively low cost, making it useful for multi-temporal assessment of detailed tree crowns and forest structure. Single-pass flight plans provide rapid surveys for key selected high-priority areas, but their accuracy is still unexplored. We compared aircraft-borne LiDAR with GatorEye UAV-borne LiDAR in the Apalachicola National Forest, USA. The single-pass approach produced digital terrain models (DTMs), with less than 1 m differences compared to the aircraft-derived DTM within a 145\u00b0 field of view (FOV). Canopy height models (CHM) provided reliable information from the top layer of the forest, allowing reliable treetop detection up to wide angles; however, underestimations of tree heights were detected at 175 m from the flightline, with an error of 2.57 \u00b1 1.57. Crown segmentation was reliable only within a 60\u00b0 FOV, from which the shadowing effect made it unviable. Reasonable quality threshold values for LiDAR products were: 195 m (145\u00b0 FOV) for DTMs, 95 m (110\u00b0 FOV) for CHM, 160 to 180 m (~140\u00b0 FOV) for ITD and tree heights, and 40 to 60 m (~60\u00b0 FOV) for crown delineation. These findings also support the definition of mission parameters for standard grid-based flight plans under similar forest types and flight parameters.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12244111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]],"date-time":"2020-12-16T14:21:15Z","timestamp":1608128475000},"page":"4111","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Single-Pass UAV-Borne GatorEye LiDAR Sampling as a Rapid Assessment Method for Surveying Forest Structure"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1689-4881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel Atticciati","family":"Prata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Spatial Ecology and Conservation (SPEC) Lab, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"}]},{"given":"Eben North","family":"Broadbent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spatial Ecology and Conservation (SPEC) Lab, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8747-0085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danilo Roberti Alves","family":"de Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spatial Ecology and Conservation (SPEC) Lab, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"},{"name":"Department of Forest Sciences, \u201cLuiz de Queiroz\u201d College of Agriculture, University of S\u00e3o Paulo (USP\/ESALQ), Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0129-2204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph","family":"St. Peter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Spatial Ecology and Restoration (CSER), School of the Environment, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4874-3108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason","family":"Drake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Spatial Ecology and Restoration (CSER), School of the Environment, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA"},{"name":"USDA Forest Service, National Forests in Florida, Tallahassee, FL 32303, USA"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Medley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Spatial Ecology and Restoration (CSER), School of the Environment, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA"},{"name":"USDA Forest Service, National Forests in Florida, Tallahassee, FL 32303, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8529-5554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Paula Dalla","family":"Corte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spatial Ecology and Conservation (SPEC) Lab, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"},{"name":"Department of Forest Engineering, Federal University of Paran\u00e1\u2014UFPR, Curitiba, PR 80060-000, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Vogel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"}]},{"given":"Ajay","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Milton, FL 32583, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7844-3560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Alberto","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"},{"name":"Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5081-9936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelica Maria Almeyda","family":"Zambrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spatial Ecology and Conservation (SPEC) Lab, Center for Latin American Studies, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0493-7581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruben","family":"Valbuena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 2UW, UK"}]},{"given":"Ben","family":"Wilkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geomatics Program, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1641\/0006-3568(2002)052[0019:LRSFES]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Lidar Remote Sensing for Ecosystem 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