{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,24]],"date-time":"2024-08-24T23:50:45Z","timestamp":1724543445210},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,28]],"date-time":"2020-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603843200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005632","name":"Narodowe Centrum Bada\u0144 i Rozwoju","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DWM\/PL-CHN\/97\/2019","WPC1\/ARTEMIS\/2019"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005632","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017\/27\/B\/ST10\/02190"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004569","name":"Ministerstwo Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wy\u017cszego","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DIR\/WK\/2016\/2017\/05-1","59\/E-383\/SPUB\/SP\/2019.1"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"Recommendations of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) Workshop 2017 in Taoyuan City, Taiwan and International GNSS Service (IGS) Workshop 2018 in Wuhan, China included establishment of an ionosphere mapping service that would fuse measurements from two independent sensor networks: IGS permanent GNSS receivers providing the vertical total electron content (VTEC) measurements and ionosondes of the Global Ionosphere Radio Observatory (GIRO) that compute the bottomside vertical profiles of the ionospheric plasma density. Using available GAMBIT software at GIRO, we introduced new VTEC products to its data roster: previously unavailable global average (climate) maps of VTEC and slab thickness based on climatological capabilities of IRI. Incorporation of the VTEC and \u03c4 maps into the GAMBIT Explorer environment provided data analysts with nearly 10-year history of the reference average VTEC records and opened access to the GAMBIT toolkit for evaluation and validation of the \u03c4 computations. This result is the first step towards establishing an infrastructure and the data workflow to provide GAMBIT users with the low latency and consistent quality and usability of the ionospheric weather-climate specifications. Combination of IGS-provided VTEC and GIRO-provided peak density of F2 layer NmF2 allows ground-based evaluation of the equivalent slab thickness \u03c4, a derived property of the near-Earth plasma that characterizes the skewness of its vertical profile up to the GNSS spacecraft altitudes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12213531","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]],"date-time":"2020-10-29T13:44:53Z","timestamp":1603979093000},"page":"3531","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Towards Cooperative Global Mapping of the Ionosphere: Fusion Feasibility for IGS and IRI with Global Climate VTEC Maps"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7982-0153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Fro\u0144","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Space Radio-Diagnostics Research Centre, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawochenskiego 9, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7286-8509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan","family":"Galkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Space Science Laboratory, University of Massachusetts, 600 Suffolk St, Lowell, MA 01854, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2812-6222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrzej","family":"Krankowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Space Radio-Diagnostics Research Centre, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawochenskiego 9, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6551-2929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dieter","family":"Bilitza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9687-5850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Pajares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UPC-IonSAT, Department of Applied Mathematics IV, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Mod. C3 C.Nord, Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2158-6405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bodo","family":"Reinisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, University Crossing Suite 420, 220 Pawtucket St., Lowell, MA 01851, USA"},{"name":"Lowell Digisonde International, LLC, 175 Cabot St., Suite 200, Lowell, MA 01854, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3911-3059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zishen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute (AIR), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), No 9 Dengzhuang South Road, Beijing 100094, China"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6894-0600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kacper","family":"Kotulak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Space Radio-Diagnostics Research Centre, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawochenskiego 9, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7878-7275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irina","family":"Zakharenkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Space Radio-Diagnostics Research Centre, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawochenskiego 9, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0288-7675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iurii","family":"Cherniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Space Radio-Diagnostics Research Centre, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawochenskiego 9, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4450-6073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Roma Dollase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UPC-IonSAT, Department of Applied Mathematics IV, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Mod. C3 C.Nord, Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"given":"Ningbo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute (AIR), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), No 9 Dengzhuang South Road, Beijing 100094, China"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2922-5839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Flisek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Space Radio-Diagnostics Research Centre, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawochenskiego 9, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6226-4851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Garc\u00eda-Rigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UPC-IonSAT, Department of Applied Mathematics IV, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Mod. C3 C.Nord, Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/s00190-008-0266-1","article-title":"The IGS VTEC maps: A reliable source of ionospheric information since 1998","volume":"83","author":"Juan","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Geod."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"RS0D25","article-title":"Global prediction of the vertical total electron content of the ionosphere based on GPS data","volume":"46","author":"Monte","year":"2011","journal-title":"Radio Sci."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jastp.2013.06.011","article-title":"2013, GIM-TEC adaptive ionospheric weather assessment and forecast system","volume":"102","author":"Gulyaeva","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. 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