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{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,7]],"date-time":"2024-09-07T07:17:49Z","timestamp":1725693469717},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,6]],"date-time":"2020-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601942400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS), NOAA\/NESDIS\/STAR","award":["ProTech contract"]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"This paper provides an overview of the validation of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) operational retrievals of atmospheric carbon trace gas profiles, specifically carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), from the NOAA-Unique Combined Atmospheric Processing System (NUCAPS), a NOAA enterprise algorithm that retrieves atmospheric profile environmental data records (EDRs) under global non-precipitating (clear to partly cloudy) conditions. Vertical information about atmospheric trace gases is obtained from the Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS), an infrared Fourier transform spectrometer that measures high resolution Earth radiance spectra from NOAA operational low earth orbit (LEO) satellites, including the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SNPP) and follow-on Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) series beginning with NOAA-20. The NUCAPS CO, CH4, and CO2 profile EDRs are rigorously validated in this paper using well-established independent truth datasets, namely total column data from ground-based Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) sites, and in situ vertical profile data obtained from aircraft and balloon platforms via the NASA Atmospheric Tomography (ATom) mission and NOAA AirCore sampler, respectively. Statistical analyses using these datasets demonstrate that the NUCAPS carbon gas profile EDRs generally meet JPSS Level 1 global performance requirements, with the absolute accuracy and precision of CO 5% and 15%, respectively, in layers where CrIS has vertical sensitivity; CH4 and CO2 product accuracies are both found to be within \u00b11%, with precisions of \u22481.5% and \u2a850.5%, respectively, throughout the tropospheric column.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12193245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,6]],"date-time":"2020-10-06T14:46:17Z","timestamp":1601995577000},"page":"3245","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Validation of Carbon Trace Gas Profile Retrievals from the NOAA-Unique Combined Atmospheric Processing System for the Cross-Track Infrared Sounder"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6914-5537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas 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USA"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMSG, Inc. at NOAA\/NESDIS Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR), College Park, MD 20740, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9667-2749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tong","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMSG, Inc. at NOAA\/NESDIS Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR), College Park, MD 20740, USA"}]},{"given":"Tianyuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMSG, Inc. at NOAA\/NESDIS Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR), College Park, MD 20740, USA"}]},{"given":"Zigang","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMSG, Inc. at NOAA\/NESDIS Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR), College Park, MD 20740, 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USA"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8323-5758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathryn","family":"McKain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory (GML), Boulder, CO 80305-3328, USA"},{"name":"Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80305, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4924-0377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Debra","family":"Wunch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2906-2577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas M.","family":"Deutscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Hase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-ASF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76137 Karlsruhe, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2859-5259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura T.","family":"Iraci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NASA Ames Research Center, Atmospheric Science Branch, Mail Stop 245-5, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8828-2759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rigel","family":"Kivi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Meteorological Institute, Space and Earth Observation Centre, T\u00e4htel\u00e4ntie 62, 99600 Sodankyl\u00e4, Finland"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2720-1569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isamu","family":"Morino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Satellite Remote Sensing Section and Satellite Observation Center, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Onogawa 16-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan"}]},{"given":"Justus","family":"Notholt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, 28195 Bremen, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2109-9874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hirofumi","family":"Ohyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Satellite Remote Sensing Section and Satellite Observation Center, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Onogawa 16-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9923-2984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David F.","family":"Pollard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd., Hamilton 3216, New Zealand"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6405-8074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yao","family":"T\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire d\u2019Etudes du Rayonnement et de la Mati\u00e8re en Astrophysique et Atmosph\u00e8res (LERMA-IPSL), Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Universit\u00e9, 75005 Paris, France"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1376-438X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Voltaire A.","family":"Velazco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia"}]},{"given":"Thorsten","family":"Warneke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, 28195 Bremen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Sussmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, IMK-IFU, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Rettinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, IMK-IFU, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12734","DOI":"10.1002\/2013JD020344","article-title":"Suomi NPP CrIS measurements, sensor data record algorithm, calibration and validation activities, and record data quality","volume":"118","author":"Han","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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