{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]],"date-time":"2024-08-08T16:39:23Z","timestamp":1723135163150},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,5]],"date-time":"2019-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41801359"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"Using plastic film mulch on cropland improves crop yield in water-deficient areas, but the use of plastic film on cropland leads to soil pollution. The accurate mapping of plastic-mulched land (PML) is valuable for monitoring the environmental problems caused by the use of plastic film. The drawback of PML mapping is that the detectable period of PML changes among the fields, which causes uncertainty when supervised classification methods are used to identify PML. In this study, a new workflow which merging PML of multiple temporal phases (MTPML) is proposed. For each temporal phase, the \u201cpossible PML\u201d is firstly generated, these \u201ctemporal possible PML\u201d layers are then combined to generate the \u201cpossible PML\u201d layer. Finally, the maximum normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of the growing season is used to remove the non-cropland pixels from the \u201cpossible PML layer,\u201d and then generate PML images. When generating \u201ctemporal possible PML layers,\u201d three new PML indices (PMLI with near-infrared bands known as PMLI_NIR, PMLI with shortwave infrared bands known as PMLI_SWIR, and Normalized Difference PMLI known as PMLI_ND) are proposed to separate PML from bare land at plastic film cover stage; and the \u201ctemporal possible PML layer\u201d are identified by the threshold based method. To estimate the performance of the three PML indices, two other approaches, PMLI threshold and Random Forest (RF) are used to generate \u201ctemporal possible PML layer.\u201d Finally, PML images generated from the five MTPML approaches are compared with the image time series supervised classification (SUPML) result. Two study regions, Hengshui (HS) and Guyuan (GY), are used in this study. PML identification models are generated using training samples in HS and the models are used for PML mapping in both study regions. The results showed that MTPML workflow outperformed SUPML with 3%\u20135% higher classification accuracy. The three proposed PML indices had higher separability and importance score for bare land and PML discrimination. Among the five approaches used to generate the \u201ctemporal possible PML layer,\u201d PMLI_SWIR is the recommended approach because the PMLI_SWIR threshold approach is easy to implement and the accuracy is only slightly lower than the RF approach. It is notable that no training sample was used in GY and the accuracy of the MTPML approach was higher than 85%, which indicated that the rules proposed in this study are suitable for other study regions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11111353","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,6]],"date-time":"2019-06-06T07:38:01Z","timestamp":1559806681000},"page":"1353","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["New Workflow of Plastic-Mulched Farmland Mapping using Multi-Temporal Sentinel-2 data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3711-6157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pengyu","family":"Hao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Geo-Environmental Monitoring of Coastal Zone of the National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and GeoInformation & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spatial Smart Sensing and Services, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]},{"given":"Zhongxin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China"}]},{"given":"Huajun","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China"}]},{"given":"Dandan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China"}]},{"given":"He","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agwat.2018.07.011","article-title":"Evaluating water-saving efficiency of plastic mulching in northwest china using remote sensing and sebal","volume":"209","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Agric. 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