{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T04:09:52Z","timestamp":1727928592088},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,2]],"date-time":"2024-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Northern Border University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computers"],"abstract":"Recent developments and the widespread use of IoT-enabled technologies has led to the Research and Development (R&D) efforts in green communication. Traditional dynamic-source routing is one of the well-known protocols that was suggested to solve the information dissemination problem in an IoT environment. However, this protocol suffers from a high level of energy consumption in sensor-enabled device-to-device and device-to-base station communications. As a result, new information dissemination protocols should be developed to overcome the challenge of dynamic-source routing, and other similar protocols regarding green communication. In this context, a new energy-efficient routing protocol (EFRP) is proposed using the hybrid adopted heuristic techniques. In the densely deployed sensor-enabled IoT environment, an optimal information dissemination path for device-to-device and device-to-base station communication was identified using a hybrid genetic algorithm (GA) and the antlion optimization (ALO) algorithms. An objective function is formulated focusing on energy consumption-centric cost minimization. The evaluation results demonstrate that the proposed protocol outperforms the Greedy approach and the DSR protocol in terms of a range of green communication metrics. It was noticed that the number of alive sensor nodes in the experimental network increased by more than 26% compared to the other approaches and lessened energy consumption by about 33%. This leads to a prolonged IoT network lifetime, increased by about 25%. It is evident that the proposed scheme greatly improves the information dissemination efficiency of the IoT network, significantly increasing the network\u2019s throughput.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/computers13100251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,2]],"date-time":"2024-10-02T07:57:08Z","timestamp":1727855828000},"page":"251","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Green Communication in IoT for Enabling Next-Generation Wireless Systems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9486-3533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Aljaidi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Information Technology, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9669-8244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omprakash","family":"Kaiwartya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Nottingham Trent Unversity, Clifton Campus, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK"}]},{"given":"Ghassan","family":"Samara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Information Technology, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9075-2828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayoub","family":"Alsarhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology, Faculty of Prince Al-Hussein Bin Abdallah II for Information Technology, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13116, Jordan"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2037-8348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mufti","family":"Mahmud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Nottingham Trent Unversity, Clifton Campus, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK"}]},{"given":"Sami M.","family":"Alenezi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Northern Border University, Arar 73213, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"given":"Raed","family":"Alazaidah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Information Technology, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0862-0533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaime","family":"Lloret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n para la gesti\u00f3n Integrada de Zonas Costeras, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Valencia, Camino Vera s\/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Samara, G., Aljaidi, M., Alazaidah, R., Qasem, M.H., Hassan, M., Al-Milli, N., Al-Batah, M.S., and Kanan, M. 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