{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]],"date-time":"2024-09-13T02:52:32Z","timestamp":1726195952167},"reference-count":137,"publisher":"Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transportation Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,11]]},"abstract":" This paper presents an overview of several important areas of operations research applications in the air transport industry. Specific areas covered are: the various stages of aircraft and crew schedule planning; revenue management, including overbooking and leg-based and network-based seat inventory management; and the planning and operations of aviation infrastructure (airports and air traffic management). For each of these areas, the paper provides a historical perspective on OR contributions, as well as a brief summary of the state of the art. It also identifies some of the main challenges for future research. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.37.4.368.23276","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,30]],"date-time":"2003-12-30T13:08:26Z","timestamp":1072789706000},"page":"368-391","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":185,"title":["Applications of Operations Research in the Air Transport Industry"],"prefix":"10.1287","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Cynthia","family":"Barnhart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Belobaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139"}]},{"given":"Amedeo R.","family":"Odoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139"}]}],"member":"109","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/inte.19.4.20"},{"key":"B2","volume-title":"Approaches to Incorporating Robustness into Airline Scheduling","author":"Ageeva Y.","year":"2000"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-2217(86)90325-5"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/inte.21.1.62"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-84980-0_5"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.3.2.140"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.36.1.1.571"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0373463300044209"},{"key":"B9","unstructured":"Ball M. O., Futer A., Hoffman R., Sherry J. Rationing schemes for en route air traffic management. (2002) . CDM paper,http:\/\/www.metronaviation.com\/cdm\/cr\/long_term.html"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.51.1.167.12795"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.36.2.199.566"},{"key":"B13","first-page":"7","volume-title":"Optimization in Industry: Volume II","author":"Barnhart C.","year":"1994"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.32.3.208"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.46.3.316"},{"key":"B16","first-page":"384","volume-title":"International Series in Operations Research and Management Science","volume":"9","author":"Barnhart C.","year":"1998"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/0-306-48058-1_14"},{"key":"B18","unstructured":"Belobaba P. P. Air travel demand and airline seat inventory management. (1987) . Ph.D. dissertation, MIT Flight Transportation Laboratory Report R87-7, Cambridge, MA"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.37.2.183"},{"key":"B20","volume-title":"ASTAIR Proc. Adv. Software Tech. Air Transport","author":"Belobaba P. P.","year":"1992"},{"key":"B21","volume-title":"AGIFORS Reservations Control Study Group Meeting","author":"Belobaba P. P.","year":"1992"},{"key":"B22","first-page":"285","volume-title":"Handbook Airline Marketing","author":"Belobaba P. P.","year":"1998"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-6997(97)82787-1"},{"key":"B24","first-page":"341","volume-title":"AGIFORS Proc.","author":"Berge M.","year":"1994"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.46.3.406"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-04632-6"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.7.6.752"},{"key":"B28","unstructured":"Bratu S. Network value concept in airline revenue management. (1998) (MIT, Cambridge, MA) . Master 's thesis"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.24.3.183"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/inte.31.1.30.9688"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.46.6.820"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/inte.31.1.57.9689"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6750(199608)43:5<603::AID-NAV1>3.0.CO;2-9"},{"key":"B37","volume-title":"INFORMS Annual Conf.","author":"Chebalov S.","year":"2001"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/inte.29.5.51"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.30.3.249"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018945415148"},{"key":"B41","unstructured":"Clarke M. Development of heuristic procedures for flight rescheduling in the aftermath of irregular airline operations. (1997) (MIT, Cambridge, MA) . Sc.D. dissertation"},{"key":"B42","unstructured":"Clarke M., Smith B. The impact of operations research on the evolution of the airline industry: A review of the airline planning process. (2000) . Research paper, Sabre Inc., Dallas, TX"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.51.3.387.14759"},{"key":"B45","volume-title":"MIT Global Airline Indust. Study Distinguished Speaker Sem. Ser.","author":"Cook T.","year":"2000"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.rpm.5170046"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.24.3.193"},{"key":"B49","unstructured":"Curry R. E. Forecasting for revenue management. (1994) (Technical brief, Scorecard, Aeronomics, Inc., Atlanta, GA)"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2951629"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-0548(00)00002-2"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.45.5.649"},{"key":"B53","unstructured":"Dear R. The dynamic scheduling of aircraft in the nearterminal area. (1976) . Ph.D. dissertation, Technical Report R76-9, Flight Transportation Laboratory, MIT, Cambridge, MA"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0191-2607(91)90132-A"},{"key":"B55","unstructured":"de Boer S. V. Advances in airline revenue management and pricing. (2003) . Ph.D. dissertation, MIT, Cambridge, MA"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(01)00096-0"},{"key":"B57","volume-title":"Airport Systems: Planning, Design and Management","author":"de Neufville R.","year":"2003"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-5755-5_8"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.43.6.841"},{"key":"B60","first-page":"191","volume":"26","author":"Desrochers M.","year":"1988","journal-title":"INFOR"},{"key":"B61","unstructured":"Desrosiers J., Dumas Y., Desrochers M., Soumis F., Sanso B., Trudeau P. A breakthrough in airline crew scheduling. (1991) . Report G-91-11, GERAD, \u00c9cole Polytechique de Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0191-2615(88)90001-X"},{"key":"B64","unstructured":"Erzberger H. Design principles and algorithms for automated air traffic management. (1995) . AGARD Lecture Series 200, Brussels, Belgium, http:\/\/www.ctas.arc.nasa.gov\/"},{"key":"B65","volume-title":"AGIFORS Sympos.","author":"Etschmaier M. M.","year":"1984"},{"key":"B66","unstructured":"EUROCONTROL CAMACA: The commonly agreed methodology for airside capacity assessment. (2001) (Brussels, Belgium). http:\/\/www.eurocontrol.int\/camaca\/"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/atcq.10.3.285"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.49.6.938.10026"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.35.12.1415"},{"key":"B70","volume":"14","author":"Ferguson A. R.","year":"1956","journal-title":"Aeronautical Engrg. Rev."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.3.1.45"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.45.1.24"},{"key":"B73","unstructured":"Gamache M., Soumis F. A method for optimally solving the rostering problem. (1993) . Les Cahier du GERAD, G-90-40, \u00c9cole des Hautes \u00c9tudes Commerciales, Montr\u00e9al, Canada"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.32.3.246"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/inte.19.4.29"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/87.251882"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/inte.12.3.73"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.46.2.260"},{"key":"B79","unstructured":"Hall W. Information flows and dynamic collaborative decision-making architecture: Increasing the efficiency of terminal area operations. (1999) (Operations Research Center, MIT, Cambridge, MA) . Ph.D. dissertation"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01585938"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-6997(01)00045-X"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-1647(74)90004-5"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.39.6.657"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.48.4.578.12417"},{"key":"B85","volume-title":"PODS: Modeling Update","author":"Hopperstad C. A.","year":"1997"},{"key":"B87","volume-title":"AGIFORS Sympos.","author":"Jacobs T. L.","year":"1999"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.27.3.266"},{"key":"B89","unstructured":"Kivestu P. Alternative methods of investigating the time-dependent M\/G\/K queue. (1976) (Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, MIT, Cambridge, MA) . Thesis"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1011223523191"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.36.3.337.7831"},{"key":"B92","unstructured":"Kohl N., Karisch S. E. Airline crew rostering: Problem types, modeling, and optimization. (2003) . Carmen Research and Technology Report CRTR-2001-1, Goteborg, Sweden"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.20.6.1089"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/6979.898217"},{"key":"B95","unstructured":"Lan S. Planning for robust airline operations: Optimizing aircraft routings and flight departure times to achieve minimum passenger disruptions. (2003) (MIT, Cambridge, MA) . Ph.D. dissertation"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-2217(88)90377-3"},{"key":"B97","unstructured":"Lee A. O. Airline reservations forecasting: Probabilistic and statistical models of the booking process. (1990) . MIT Flight Transportation Laboratory Report R90-5, Cambridge, MA"},{"key":"B98","first-page":"248","volume-title":"AGIFORS Sympos. Proc.","author":"L 'Heureux E.","year":"1986"},{"key":"B99","first-page":"95","volume-title":"AGIFORS Sympos. Proc.","author":"Littlewood K.","year":"1972"},{"key":"B100","volume-title":"Transportation Sci.","author":"Lohatepanont M.","year":"2001"},{"key":"B101","unstructured":"Long D., Lee D., Johnson J., Gaier E., Kostiuk P. Modeling air traffic management technologies with a queuing network model of the National Airspace System. (1999) . Report NASA\/CR-1999-208988, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA"},{"key":"B102","unstructured":"Malone K. Dynamic queuing systems: Behavior and approximations for individual queues and networks. (1995) (Operations Research Center, MIT, Cambridge, MA) . Ph.D. dissertation"},{"key":"B103","volume-title":"Math. Programming Sympos. XV Presentation","author":"Marsten R.","year":"1994"},{"key":"B104","volume-title":"AGIFORS Sympos.","author":"Marsten R.","year":"1996"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.33.2.233"},{"key":"B106","volume-title":"Analysis of Public Systems","author":"Odoni A. R.","year":"1972"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-86726-2_17"},{"key":"B108","unstructured":"Odoni A. R., Deyst J., Feron E., Hansman R. J., Khan K., Kuchar J. K., Simpson R. Existing and required modeling capabilities for evaluating ATM systems and concepts. (1997) . International Center for Air Transportation, MIT, Cambridge, MA, http:\/\/web.mit.edu\/aeroastro\/www\/labs\/AATT\/aatt.html"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/inte.21.1.62"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.41.8.1279"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.28.6.1347"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/6.1999-4299"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.34.1.1.12277"},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.27.3.228"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.36.4.357.551"},{"key":"B118","unstructured":"Rothstein M. Stochastic models for airline booking policies. (1968) (Graduate School of Engineering and Science, New York University, New York) . Ph.D. thesis"},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.5.2.180"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.33.2.237"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.31.2.159"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/jors.1992.72"},{"key":"B123","volume-title":"Computer Scheduling of Public Transport Urban Passenger Vehicle and Crew Scheduling","author":"Ryan D. M.","year":"1981"},{"key":"B125","first-page":"201","volume":"2","author":"Simon J.","year":"1968","journal-title":"J. Transport Econom. Policy"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simpson R. W. Computerized schedule construction for an airline transportation system. (1966) . MIT Flight Transportation Laboratory Report FT-66-3, Cambridge, MA","DOI":"10.2514\/6.1967-972"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/inte.22.1.8"},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/inte.22.1.8"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0191-2615(80)90044-2"},{"key":"B130","volume-title":"Transportation Res. C.","author":"Stamatopoulos M.","year":"2003"},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-2615(01)00030-3","volume":"36","author":"Stojkovic G.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Transportation Res."},{"key":"B132","volume-title":"Upgraded FAA Airfield Capacity Model Supplemental User 's Guide","author":"Swedish W.","year":"1981"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.32.1.43"},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.33.2.207"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.44.11.1577"},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07408170008963891"},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/0191-2615(92)90016-P","volume":"26","author":"Tosic V.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Transportation Res."},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.45.2.188"},{"key":"B139","first-page":"257","volume":"6","author":"Vickrey W.","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. Transport Econom. Policy"},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.42.2.249"},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/atcq.4.2.109"},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009728426728"},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.40.5.831"},{"key":"B146","unstructured":"Williamson E. L. Airline network seat inventory control: Methodologies and revenue impacts. (1992) . Ph.D. dissertation, MIT Flight Transportation Laboratory Report R92-3, Cambridge, MA"},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/inte.24.1.104"},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.40.1.26"},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/inte.33.1.5.12720"},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.35.1.80.10145"}],"container-title":["Transportation Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubsonline.informs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1287\/trsc.37.4.368.23276","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,2]],"date-time":"2023-04-02T19:53:38Z","timestamp":1680465218000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubsonline.informs.org\/doi\/10.1287\/trsc.37.4.368.23276"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,11]]},"references-count":137,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1287\/trsc.37.4.368.23276"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1287\/trsc.37.4.368.23276","relation":{},"ISSN":["0041-1655","1526-5447"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0041-1655","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-5447","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,11]]}}}