{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,26]],"date-time":"2024-10-26T13:40:30Z","timestamp":1729950030586,"version":"3.28.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,7,1]],"date-time":"1997-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":867715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cognitive Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,7]]},"abstract":"The productive use of English past tense morphology in school\u2010aged children (N = 74; 3 years, 8 months to 13 years, 5 months) is explored using an elicited production task. Errors represented 20% of the responses overall. Virtually all of the children demonstrated productivity with regular (e.g., good) and irregular patterns (zero\u2010marking, e.g., sit \u2192 sit; vowel\u2010change, e.g., ride \u2192 rid). Overall frequency of errors decreased with age, yet the tendency for certain types of irregularizations increased in the older groups. Analyses across items indicated that all error types were predicted by combinations of item frequency, phonological characteristics of stems and past tense forms, and aspects of phonological past tense \u201cneighborhoods\u201d. Contrary to \u201chybrid\u201d or dual\u2010mechanism models incorporating a phonologically\u2010insensitive default mechanism (e.g., Prasada & Pinker, 1993), these results suggest that children's productivity with regular and irregular patterns is consistent with a phonologically\u2010based constraint satisfaction system similar to that implemented in connectionist models (Daugherty & Seidenberg, 1992; Plunkett & Marchman, 1991, 1993).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog2103_2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,6]],"date-time":"2005-08-06T01:33:09Z","timestamp":1123291989000},"page":"283-304","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Children's Productivity in the English Past Tense: The Role of Frequency, Phonology, and Neighborhood Structure"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Virginia A.","family":"Marchman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00437956.1958.11659661"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0142716400006895"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01690969508407111"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/413574"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/lan.1982.0021"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1126956"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(92)90018-D"},{"volume-title":"Rules or connections? 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