乐胖代购免代理版

{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]],"date-time":"2024-07-10T02:15:11Z","timestamp":1720577711568},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,11]],"date-time":"2010-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1265846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6800,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cognitive Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,7]]},"abstract":"I present a cognitive model of the human ability to acquire causal relationships. I report on experimental evidence demonstrating that human learners acquire accurate causal relationships more rapidly when training examples are consistent with a general theory of causality. This article describes a learning process that uses a general theory of causality as background knowledge. The learning process, which I call theory\u2010driven learning<\/jats:italic> (TDL), hypothesizes causal relationships consistent both with observed data and the general theory of causality. TDL accounts for data on both the rate at which human learners acquire causal relationships, and the types of causal relationships they acquire. Experiments with TDL demonstrate the advantage of TDL for acquiring causal relationships over similarity\u2010based approaches to learning: Fewer examples are required to learn an accurate relationship.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog1503_3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,5]],"date-time":"2005-07-05T19:33:44Z","timestamp":1120592024000},"page":"401-424","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["A Computational Theory of Learning Causal Relationships"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Michael","family":"Pazzani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"109","article-title":"The effect of incidental and experimentally induced experience on the learning of relevant and irrelevant causal relationships by children","volume":"84","author":"Ausubel D.M.","year":"1954","journal-title":"Journal of Genetic Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Attention in learning: Theory and research","author":"Bower G.","year":"1968"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"A study of thinking","author":"Bruner J.S.","year":"1956"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Aspects of the young child's theory of causality","author":"Bullock M.","year":"1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"The developmental psychology of time","author":"Bullock M.","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00114116"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00116894"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/3697.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Fact, fiction and forecast","author":"Goodman N.","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Retrieval and organizational strategies in conceptual memory: A computer model","author":"Kolodner J.","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"Generalization and memory in an integrated understanding system","author":"Lebowitz M.","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog1002_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial Intelligence","author":"Lebowitz M.","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-0277(87)80006-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0024893"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"The perception of causality","author":"Michotte A.","year":"1963"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(82)90040-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00116250"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"Creating a memory of causal relationships: An integration of explanation\u2010based and empirical methods","author":"Pazzani M.J.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","unstructured":"Pazzani M. 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