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The reliability improvement of a low-complexity Alamouti space\u2013time block code is evaluated to improve the diversity in a high-rate transmission mode using single carrier modulation, as well as in a low-rate transmission mode relying on continuous-phase frequency-shift keying. Using measurements in realistic subsea conditions, the effect of the spatial channel correlation is demonstrated. It is found that for the space\u2013time block code\/continuous-phase frequency-shift keying, the spatial diversity is significantly degraded due to the high spatial correlation. In contrast, for the high-mode transmission rate, space\u2013time block code with single carrier modulation offers a bit error rate improvement by a factor over hundred, in comparison to a single transmit element, demonstrating that the multiple-input multiple-output optimal code depends on the software-defined acoustic modem transmission mode. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15501477211010663","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]],"date-time":"2021-04-16T09:28:30Z","timestamp":1618565310000},"page":"155014772110106","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A Janus compatible software-defined underwater acoustic multiple-input multiple-output modem"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Surinder","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UW-STREAM, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, 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