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The specific ways F\/LOSS instantiates notions of openness in everyday practice exacerbates the exclusion of women. \u2018Openness\u2019 is a complex construct that affects more than intellectual property arrangements. It weaves together ideas about authorship, agency, and the circumstances under which knowledge and code can and cannot be exchanged. While open source developers believe technology is orthogonal to the social, notions of openness tie the social to the technical by separating persons from one another and relieving them of obligations that might be created in the course of other forms of gift exchange. In doing so, men monopolize code authorship and simultaneously de-legitimize the kinds of social ties necessary to build mechanisms for women\u2019s inclusion. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444811422887","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,12]],"date-time":"2011-11-12T07:51:27Z","timestamp":1321084287000},"page":"669-683","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":120,"title":["\u2018Patches don\u2019t have gender\u2019: What is not open in open source software"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Dawn","family":"Nafus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Intel Labs, USA"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1461444811422887","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctv322v4rc"},{"volume-title":"Racism without Racists: Color-blind Racism and the Persistence of Racial Inequality in the United States","year":"2006","author":"Bonilla-Silva E","key":"bibr2-1461444811422887"},{"key":"bibr3-1461444811422887","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8676.1996.tb00319.x"},{"key":"bibr4-1461444811422887","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1525\/awr.2001.22.1.28"},{"key":"bibr5-1461444811422887","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1463499608093814"},{"volume-title":"Fifth European Symposium on Gender & ICT","year":"2009","author":"Corneliussen H","key":"bibr6-1461444811422887"},{"volume-title":"The Machine in Me: An Anthropologist Sits among Computer Engineers","year":"1998","author":"Downey GL","key":"bibr7-1461444811422887"},{"volume-title":"Diversity Policies: Guiding Principles","year":"2007","author":"Evans C","key":"bibr8-1461444811422887"},{"volume-title":"Paper presented at Women in Games","year":"2008","author":"Geneve A","key":"bibr9-1461444811422887"},{"key":"bibr10-1461444811422887","unstructured":"Ghosh R (1998) Cooking pot markets: An economic model for the trade in free goods and services on the internet. 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