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Using an action research approach that brought together a multidisciplinary team of researchers, coaches and organizational participants, we closely followed the experiences of eight VCoPs over a six- to nine-month period and collected a large quantity of quantitative and qualitative data from many sources. Our results indicate that three types of management practices seem to have the most impact on a VCoP\u2019s success: taking ongoing actions to develop a knowledge-sharing culture, providing adequate resources to the VCoPs, and monitoring the leadership of the community in order to address any occurring problems. This study represents a first step towards building an empirically based understanding of how organizations can sustain their VCoPs. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0165551509357861","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,22]],"date-time":"2010-01-22T01:49:43Z","timestamp":1264124983000},"page":"175-193","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["\u2018Structuring spontaneity\u2019: investigating the impact of management practices on the success of virtual communities of practice"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Anne","family":"Bourhis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Resource Management, HEC Montr\u00e9al, Canada,"}]},{"given":"Line","family":"Dub\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technologies, HEC Montr\u00e9al, Canada"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.20152"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.20785"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.20445"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/00220410710827790"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.2.1.40"},{"journal-title":"Community Intelligence Labs","year":"2001","author":"R. 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