{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T06:02:21Z","timestamp":1740981741981,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,12]],"date-time":"2020-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597190400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001771","name":"university of newcastle australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Industry Linkage Pilot Grant"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001771","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hum Factors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"Objective<\/jats:title> To test the effects of enhanced display information (\u201csymbology\u201d) on cognitive workload in a simulated helicopter environment, using the detection response task (DRT). <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Background<\/jats:title> Workload in highly demanding environments can be influenced by the amount of information given to the operator and consequently it is important to limit potential overload. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title> Participants (highly trained military pilots) completed simulated helicopter flights, which varied in visual conditions and the amount of information given. During these flights, participants also completed a DRT as a measure of cognitive workload. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title> With more visual information available, pilots\u2019 landing accuracy was improved across environmental conditions. The DRT is sensitive to changes in cognitive workload, with workload differences shown between environmental conditions. Increasing symbology appeared to have a minor effect on workload, with an interaction effect of symbology and environmental condition showing that symbology appeared to moderate workload. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title> The DRT is a useful workload measure in simulated helicopter settings. The level of symbology-moderated pilot workload. The increased level of symbology appeared to assist pilots\u2019 flight behavior and landing ability. Results indicate that increased symbology has benefits in more difficult scenarios. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Applications<\/jats:title> The DRT is an easily implemented and effective measure of cognitive workload in a variety of settings. In the current experiment, the DRT captures the increased workload induced by varying the environmental conditions, and provides evidence for the use of increased symbology to assist pilots. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720820945409","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,12]],"date-time":"2020-08-12T14:59:32Z","timestamp":1597244372000},"page":"788-803","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The Effects of Increased Visual Information on Cognitive Workload in a Helicopter Simulator"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0382-0154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reilly J.","family":"Innes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia"}]},{"given":"Zachary L.","family":"Howard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia"},{"name":"University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Thorpe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia"}]},{"given":"Ami","family":"Eidels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia"}]},{"given":"Scott D.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr3-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1541931213601431"},{"key":"bibr1-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1541931213601447"},{"key":"bibr4-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/001872008X374983"},{"key":"bibr5-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2016.08.013"},{"key":"bibr6-0018720820945409","first-page":"369","author":"Engstr\u00f6m J.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Seventh International Driving Symposium on Human Factors in Driver Assessment, Training, and Vehicle Design"},{"key":"bibr7-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2014.00385"},{"key":"bibr8-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1864349.1864395"},{"key":"bibr9-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2008.09.007"},{"key":"bibr2-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327876mp0402_1"},{"key":"bibr10-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2010.08.005"},{"volume-title":"Road vehicles\u2013transport information and control systems\u2013detection-response task (DRT) for assessing attentional effects of cognitive load in driving","year":"2016","author":"ISO:17488","key":"bibr11-0018720820945409"},{"key":"bibr12-0018720820945409","unstructured":"JASP Team. (2019). JASP [Computer software] (Version 0.11.0.). https:\/\/jasp-stats.org\/"},{"volume-title":"Theory of probability","year":"1961","author":"Jeffreys H","key":"bibr13-0018720820945409"},{"key":"bibr14-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00140130310001610865"},{"volume-title":"Attention and effort","year":"1973","author":"Kahneman D","key":"bibr15-0018720820945409"},{"key":"bibr16-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315092898-9"},{"key":"bibr17-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03200898"},{"key":"bibr18-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420007497.ch3"},{"key":"bibr19-0018720820945409","first-page":"90870I","volume":"9087","author":"M\u00fcnsterer T.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Degraded Visual Environments: Enhanced, Synthetic, and External Vision Solutions 2014"},{"key":"bibr20-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21236\/ADA199190"},{"key":"bibr21-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/hfes.45.2.218.27241"},{"key":"bibr22-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720819836575"},{"volume-title":"Measuring cognitive distraction in the automobile","year":"2013","author":"Strayer D. L.","key":"bibr23-0018720820945409"},{"key":"bibr24-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720815575149"},{"key":"bibr25-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41235-016-0018-3"},{"key":"bibr26-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/cep0000104"},{"key":"bibr27-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9280.00386"},{"key":"bibr28-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720815575149"},{"key":"bibr29-0018720820945409","first-page":"1","volume":"44","author":"Thorpe A.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Australasian Computer Science Week Multiconference"},{"key":"bibr30-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-011-0106-9"},{"key":"bibr31-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-09612-4_9"},{"key":"bibr32-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/PBR.17.4.479"},{"key":"bibr33-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8721.00184"},{"key":"bibr34-0018720820945409","first-page":"71","author":"Young R. A.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Seventh International Driving Symposium on Human Factors in Driver Assessment, Training, and Vehicle Design"},{"key":"bibr35-0018720820945409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13272-018-0354-8"}],"container-title":["Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0018720820945409","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0018720820945409","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0018720820945409","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T02:45:24Z","timestamp":1740969924000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0018720820945409"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,12]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0018720820945409"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0018720820945409","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.31234\/osf.io\/y5j3v","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0018-7208"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1547-8181"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,12]]}}}