{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]],"date-time":"2024-05-21T15:41:01Z","timestamp":1716306061527},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MIT Press","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,2]],"date-time":"2024-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704153600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002915","name":"Fondation pour la Recherche M\u00e9dicale","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002915","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["direct.mit.edu"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n Research funding is essential to expand knowledge, foster innovation, and address the complex challenges that shape our future. The scientific literature has extensively addressed the relationship between research funding and academic impact. More recently, several studies have analyzed the technological impact of funded research as measured through citations in patents, known as nonpatent references (NPRs). But there remains much to know about NPRs and the multiplication of case studies is necessary to characterize them. Here we analyze a sample of 7,065 publications funded by the French Foundation for Medical Research (FRM) and the citations of these publications in patents. This study shows the high scientific and technological impacts of FRM funding. Indeed, the publications funded by FRM that are cited in patents are 3.5 times more frequently cited by other publications than the global average (for funded publications in the entire database, this ratio is 2.6). Furthermore, our results also indicate that USPTO patents citing these publications exhibit high-quality indicators. Moreover, five of these patents have led to approved drug products by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). This study provides further evidence of the positive influence that research funding can have on both scientific and technological advancements.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/qss_a_00281","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,2]],"date-time":"2024-01-02T16:52:12Z","timestamp":1704214332000},"page":"170-186","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Technological impact of funded research: A case study of nonpatent references"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2656-5680","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Justin","family":"Quemener","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Observatoire des Sciences et Techniques, Hc\u00e9res, Paris, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur, Nice, France"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Miotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Observatoire des Sciences et Techniques, Hc\u00e9res, Paris, France"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9268-8022","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Abdelghani","family":"Maddi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Observatoire des Sciences et Techniques, Hc\u00e9res, Paris, France"},{"name":"GEMASS \u2013 CNRS \u2013 Sorbonne University, Paris, France"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6351","key":"2024052115144985300_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aam9527","article-title":"The dual frontier: Patented inventions and prior scientific advance","volume":"357","author":"Ahmadpoor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024052115144985300_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joi.2020.101102","article-title":"Is funding related to higher research impact? Exploring its relationship and the mediating role of collaboration in several disciplines","volume":"15","author":"\u00c1lvarez-Bornstein","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Informetrics"},{"issue":"8","key":"2024052115144985300_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3425","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.2019.3385","article-title":"Bridging academia and industry: How geographic hubs connect university science and corporate technology","volume":"66","author":"Bikard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024052115144985300_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103946","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2020.103946","article-title":"In-text patent citations: A user\u2019s guide","volume":"49","author":"Bryan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Research Policy"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024052115144985300_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/0172-2190(83)90139-4","article-title":"Validation study: Patent citations as indicators of science and foreign dependence","volume":"5","author":"Carpenter","year":"1983","journal-title":"World Patent Information"},{"issue":"7","key":"2024052115144985300_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2016.03.023","article-title":"Scientific linkages and firm productivity: Panel data evidence from Taiwanese electronics firms","volume":"45","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Research Policy"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024052115144985300_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joi.2023.101448","article-title":"Does grant funding foster research impact? Evidence from France","volume":"17","author":"Corsini","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Informetrics"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024052115144985300_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e007321","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2021-007321","article-title":"Who funded the research behind the Oxford\u2013AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine?","volume":"6","author":"Cross","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Global Health"},{"key":"2024052115144985300_bib9","article-title":"Raking weights with R","author":"Daza","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sebastian Daza"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024052115144985300_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1162\/003465302317331982","article-title":"Propensity score-matching methods for nonexperimental causal studies","volume":"84","author":"Dehejia","year":"2002","journal-title":"The Review of Economics and Statistics"},{"issue":"418","key":"2024052115144985300_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1992.10475217","article-title":"Calibration estimators in survey sampling","volume":"87","author":"Deville","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of the American Statistical Association"},{"issue":"423","key":"2024052115144985300_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1993.10476369","article-title":"Generalized raking procedures in survey sampling","volume":"88","author":"Deville","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of the American Statistical Association"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024052115144985300_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joi.2018.12.004","article-title":"Measuring the knowledge translation and convergence in pharmaceutical innovation by funding-science-technology-innovation linkages analysis","volume":"13","author":"Du","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Informetrics"},{"issue":"6446","key":"2024052115144985300_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaw2373","article-title":"Government-funded research increasingly fuels innovation","volume":"364","author":"Fleming","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024052115144985300_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-005-0264-5","article-title":"Assessment of impact of AICTE funding on R&D and educational development","volume":"65","author":"Garg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024052115144985300_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-019-03161-5","article-title":"The increasing dominance of science in the economy: Which nations are successful?","volume":"120","author":"Gazni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024052115144985300_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1162\/rest_a_01027","article-title":"University innovation and local economic growth","volume":"104","author":"Hausman","year":"2022","journal-title":"The Review of Economics and Statistics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024052115144985300_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1162\/003465398557221","article-title":"Universities as a source of commercial technology: A detailed analysis of university patenting, 1965\u20131988","volume":"80","author":"Henderson","year":"1998","journal-title":"The Review of Economics and Statistics"},{"key":"2024052115144985300_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","volume-title":"Financing innovation: Evidence from R&D grants","author":"Howell","year":"2016","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.2687457"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024052115144985300_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1108\/00012531111187243","article-title":"The effect of funding on academic research impact: A case study of Iranian publications","volume":"63","author":"Jowkar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aslib Proceedings"},{"issue":"7","key":"2024052115144985300_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104071","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2020.104071","article-title":"Technological impact of biomedical research: The role of basicness and novelty","volume":"49","author":"Ke","year":"2020","journal-title":"Research Policy"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024052115144985300_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.24109","article-title":"The relative influences of government funding and international collaboration on citation impact","volume":"70","author":"Leydesdorff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology"},{"key":"2024052115144985300_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.1010.2379","article-title":"Remaining problems with the \u201cNew Crown Indicator\u201d (MNCS) of the CWTS","author":"Leydesdorff","year":"2010","journal-title":"arXiv"},{"issue":"6333","key":"2024052115144985300_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aal0010","article-title":"The applied value of public investments in biomedical research","volume":"356","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024052115144985300_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.3917\/reco.661.0143","article-title":"The ownership of academic patents and their impact","volume":"66","author":"Lissoni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Revue Economique"},{"issue":"9","key":"2024052115144985300_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1572","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.3145","article-title":"Reliance on science: Worldwide front-page patent citations to scientific articles","volume":"41","author":"Marx","year":"2020","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024052115144985300_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1111\/jems.12455","article-title":"Reliance on science by inventors: Hybrid extraction of in-text patent-to-article citations","volume":"31","author":"Marx","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Economics & Management Strategy"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024052115144985300_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/s10961-004-4361-z","article-title":"The Bayh-Dole Act of 1980 and university\u2013industry technology transfer: A model for other OECD governments?","volume":"30","author":"Mowery","year":"2004","journal-title":"The Journal of Technology Transfer"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024052115144985300_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02017155","article-title":"Is technology becoming science?","volume":"7","author":"Narin","year":"1985","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"2024052115144985300_bib30","first-page":"100","volume-title":"Dynamics of scientific production in the world, in Europe and in France, 2000\u20132016","author":"OST","year":"2019"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024052115144985300_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaay7323","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aay7323","article-title":"Science quality and the value of inventions","volume":"5","author":"Poege","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science Advances"},{"issue":"9","key":"2024052115144985300_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2017.07.011","article-title":"From science to technology: The value of knowledge from different energy research institutions","volume":"46","author":"Popp","year":"2017","journal-title":"Research Policy"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024052115144985300_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.1120.1644","article-title":"Lens or prism? Patent citations as a measure of knowledge flows from public research","volume":"59","author":"Roach","year":"2013","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"issue":"9","key":"2024052115144985300_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7859","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-021-04077-9","article-title":"What is the relationship between research funding and citation-based performance? A comparative analysis between critical disciplines","volume":"126","author":"Roshani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024052115144985300_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020363010465","article-title":"Using propensity scores to help design observational studies: Application to the tobacco litigation","volume":"2","author":"Rubin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Health Services and Outcomes Research Methodology"},{"key":"2024052115144985300_bib36","first-page":"15","volume-title":"Concept of a technology classification for country comparisons","author":"Schmoch","year":"2008"},{"issue":"8","key":"2024052115144985300_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1080\/10438599.2011.639979","article-title":"Do financial constraints threat the innovation process? Evidence from Portuguese firms","volume":"21","author":"Silva","year":"2012","journal-title":"Economics of Innovation and New Technology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024052115144985300_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2006.10.002","article-title":"Structural equation model for the evaluation of national funding on R&D project of SMEs in consideration with MBNQA criteria","volume":"30","author":"Sohn","year":"2007","journal-title":"Evaluation and Program Planning"},{"key":"2024052115144985300_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","volume-title":"Evaluer la qualit\u00e9 des brevets: Des indicateurs de valeur technologique et \u00e9conomique","author":"Squicciarini","year":"2013","DOI":"10.1787\/5k4522wkw1r8-en"},{"key":"2024052115144985300_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wpi.2023.102171","article-title":"Indicators for measuring the impact of scientific citations in patents","volume":"72","author":"Velayos-Ortega","year":"2023","journal-title":"World Patent Information"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024052115144985300_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2019.01.019","article-title":"Scientific novelty and technological impact","volume":"48","author":"Veugelers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Research Policy"},{"key":"2024052115144985300_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2103.08931","article-title":"Two tales of science technology linkage: Patent in-text versus front-page references","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"arXiv"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024052115144985300_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1007\/s10961-019-09738-9","article-title":"Knowledge flows from public science to industrial technologies","volume":"46","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Journal of Technology Transfer"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024052115144985300_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-017-2583-8","article-title":"The funding factor: A cross-disciplinary examination of the association between research funding and citation impact","volume":"115","author":"Yan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Scientometrics"}],"container-title":["Quantitative Science Studies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/qss\/article-pdf\/5\/1\/170\/2373914\/qss_a_00281.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/qss\/article-pdf\/5\/1\/170\/2373914\/qss_a_00281.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]],"date-time":"2024-05-21T15:15:50Z","timestamp":1716304550000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/qss\/article\/5\/1\/170\/118872\/Technological-impact-of-funded-research-A-case"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/qss_a_00281","relation":{},"ISSN":["2641-3337"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2641-3337","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}}}