{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,3]],"date-time":"2024-08-03T11:20:38Z","timestamp":1722684038848},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MIT Press","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["direct.mit.edu"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,16]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n Free-running recurrent neural networks (RNNs), especially probabilistic models, generate an ongoing information flux that can be quantified with the mutual information I[x\u2192(t),x\u2192(t+1)] between subsequent system states x\u2192. Although previous studies have shown that I depends on the statistics of the network\u2019s connection weights, it is unclear how to maximize I systematically and how to quantify the flux in large systems where computing the mutual information becomes intractable. Here, we address these questions using Boltzmann machines as model systems. We find that in networks with moderately strong connections, the mutual information I is approximately a monotonic transformation of the root-mean-square averaged Pearson correlations between neuron pairs, a quantity that can be efficiently computed even in large systems. Furthermore, evolutionary maximization of I[x\u2192(t),x\u2192(t+1)] reveals a general design principle for the weight matrices enabling the systematic construction of systems with a high spontaneous information flux. Finally, we simultaneously maximize information flux and the mean period length of cyclic attractors in the state-space of these dynamical networks. Our results are potentially useful for the construction of RNNs that serve as short-time memories or pattern generators.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/neco_a_01651","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,16]],"date-time":"2024-02-16T15:43:23Z","timestamp":1708098203000},"page":"351-384","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Quantifying and Maximizing the Information Flux in Recurrent Neural Networks"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Claus","family":"Metzner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Lab, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"},{"name":"Biophysics Lab, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany claus.metzner@gmail.com"}]},{"given":"Marius E.","family":"Yamakou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Data Science, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany marius.yamakou@fau.de"}]},{"given":"Dennis","family":"Voelkl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Lab, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany Dennis.Voelkl@stud.uni-regensburg.de"}]},{"given":"Achim","family":"Schilling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Lab, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"},{"name":"Cognitive Computational Neuroscience Group, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany Achim.Schilling@uk-erlangen.de"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Krauss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Lab, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"},{"name":"Cognitive Computational Neuroscience Group, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"},{"name":"Pattern Recognition Lab, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany Patrick.Krauss@uk-erlangen.de"}]}],"member":"281","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2024021615430895700_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40537-021-00444-8","article-title":"Review of deep learning: Concepts, CNN architectures, challenges, applications, future directions","volume":"8","author":"Alzubaidi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Big Data"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024021615430895700_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00337259","article-title":"Dynamics of pattern formation in lateral-inhibition type neural fields","volume":"27","author":"Amari","year":"1977","journal-title":"Biological Cybernetics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024021615430895700_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/0893-6080(88)90022-6","article-title":"Statistical neurodynamics of associative memory","volume":"1","author":"Amari","year":"1988","journal-title":"Neural Networks"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2017.06.003","article-title":"Recurrent neural networks as versatile tools of neuroscience research","volume":"46","author":"Barak","year":"2017","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology"},{"issue":"7","key":"2024021615430895700_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1162\/089976604323057443","article-title":"Real-time computation at the edge of chaos in recurrent neural networks","volume":"16","author":"Bertschinger","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neural Computation"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024021615430895700_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s12064-011-0146-8","article-title":"Information processing in echo state networks at the edge of chaos","volume":"131","author":"Boedecker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Theory in Biosciences"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib7","author":"B\u00f6nsel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Control of noise-induced coherent oscillations in time-delayed neural motifs"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024021615430895700_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4286","article-title":"Is cortical connectivity optimized for storing information?","volume":"19","author":"Brunel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024021615430895700_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.2009.01-09-947","article-title":"Connectivity, dynamics, and memory in reservoir computing with binary and analog neurons","volume":"22","author":"B\u00fcsing","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neural Computation"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-33037-0_14","article-title":"Multidimensional scaling","volume-title":"Handbook of data visualization","author":"Cox","year":"2008"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024021615430895700_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/srep00514","article-title":"Information processing capacity of dynamical systems","volume":"2","author":"Dambre","year":"2012","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024021615430895700_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.06.013","article-title":"The hippocampus as a cognitive map . . . of social space","volume":"87","author":"Eichenbaum","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024021615430895700_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-022-00498-0","article-title":"Gradient-based learning drives robust representations in recurrent neural networks by balancing compression and expansion","volume":"4","author":"Farrell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature Machine Intelligence"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2018.04.003","article-title":"Effect of dilution in asymmetric recurrent neural networks","volume":"104","author":"Folli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neural Networks"},{"issue":"48","key":"2024021615430895700_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18970","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0804451105","article-title":"Memory traces in dynamical systems","volume":"105","author":"Ganguli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2020.05.007","article-title":"Sparsity through evolutionary pruning prevents neuronal networks from overfitting","volume":"128","author":"Gerum","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neural Networks"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2021.01.025","article-title":"Fading memory echo state networks are universal","volume":"138","author":"Gonon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neural Networks"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024021615430895700_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2006.11.008","article-title":"Biological pattern generation: The cellular and computational logic of networks in motion","volume":"52","author":"Grillner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-53613-6.00014-9","article-title":"General principles of rhythmogenesis in central pattern generator networks","volume":"187","author":"Harris-Warrick","year":"2010","journal-title":"Progress in Brain Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024021615430895700_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.100.062312","article-title":"Optimal short-term memory before the edge of chaos in driven random recurrent networks","volume":"100","author":"Haruna","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physical Review E"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib21","first-page":"2663","article-title":"Understanding and controlling memory in recurrent neural networks","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Machine Learning","author":"Haviv","year":"2019"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024021615430895700_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.04.045","article-title":"Optimal control of transient dynamics in balanced networks supports generation of complex movements","volume":"82","author":"Hennequin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024021615430895700_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevResearch.3.033193","article-title":"Short-term memory by transient oscillatory dynamics in recurrent neural networks","volume":"3","author":"Ichikawa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Physical Review Research"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2016.12.111","article-title":"Noise-modulated neural networks as an application of stochastic resonance","volume":"277","author":"Ikemoto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"issue":"34","key":"2024021615430895700_bib25","article-title":"The \u201cecho state\u201d approach to analysing and training recurrent neural networks\u2014with an erratum note","volume":"148","author":"Jaeger","year":"2001"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib26","volume-title":"Controlling recurrent neural networks by conceptors.","author":"Jaeger","year":"2014"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024021615430895700_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevX.5.041030","article-title":"Transition to chaos in random neuronal networks","volume":"5","author":"Kadmon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Physical Review X"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib28","author":"Kaneko","year":"1994","journal-title":"Evolution to the edge of chaos in an imitation game."},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2021.100064","article-title":"Analysis and visualization of sleep stages based on deep neural networks","volume":"10","author":"Krauss","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurobiology of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024021615430895700_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-016-0028-x","article-title":"Adaptive stochastic resonance for unknown and variable input signals","volume":"7","author":"Krauss","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024021615430895700_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-23765-w","article-title":"A statistical method for analyzing and comparing spatiotemporal cortical activation patterns","volume":"8","author":"Krauss","year":"2018","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fncom.2019.00064","article-title":"\u201cRecurrence resonance\u201d in three-neuron motifs","volume":"13","author":"Krauss","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2018.00121","article-title":"Analysis of multichannel EEG patterns during human sleep: A novel approach","volume":"12","author":"Krauss","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024021615430895700_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0214541","article-title":"Weight statistics controls dynamics in recurrent neural networks","volume":"14","author":"Krauss","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLOS One"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fncom.2019.00005","article-title":"Analysis of structure and dynamics in three-neuron motifs","volume":"13","author":"Krauss","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024021615430895700_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02289694","article-title":"Nonmetric multidimensional scaling: A numerical method","volume":"29","author":"Kruskal","year":"1964","journal-title":"Psychometrika"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4135\/9781412985130","volume-title":"Multidimensional scaling","author":"Kruskal","year":"1978"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"2024021615430895700_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-2789(90)90064-V","article-title":"Computation at the edge of chaos: Phase transitions and emergent computation","volume":"42","author":"Langton","year":"1990","journal-title":"Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena"},{"issue":"7553","key":"2024021615430895700_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14539","article-title":"Deep learning","volume":"521","author":"LeCun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024021615430895700_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2007.04.017","article-title":"Edge of chaos and prediction of computational performance for neural circuit models","volume":"20","author":"Legenstein","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neural Networks"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib41","first-page":"15629","article-title":"Universality and individuality in neural dynamics across large populations of recurrent networks","volume-title":"Advances in neural information processing systems","author":"Maheswaranathan","year":"2019"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024021615430895700_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1996.76.3.687","article-title":"Principles of rhythmic motor pattern generation","volume":"76","author":"Marder","year":"1996","journal-title":"Physiological Reviews"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib43","author":"Metzner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dynamical phases and resonance phenomena in information-processing recurrent neural networks."},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncom.2022.876315","article-title":"Dynamics and information import in recurrent neural networks","volume":"16","author":"Metzner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib45","author":"Metzner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Extracting continuous sleep depth from EEG data without machine learning."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024021615430895700_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1004759","article-title":"Plasticity-driven self-organization under topological constraints accounts for non-random features of cortical synaptic wiring","volume":"12","author":"Miner","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLOS Computational Biology"},{"issue":"26","key":"2024021615430895700_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.69.3717","article-title":"Suppressing chaos in neural networks by noise","volume":"69","author":"Molgedey","year":"1992","journal-title":"Physical Review Letters"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024021615430895700_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-019-0336-3","article-title":"Visualizing structure and transitions in high-dimensional biological data","volume":"37","author":"Moon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature Biotechnology"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.31.061307.090723","article-title":"Place cells, grid cells, and the brain\u2019s spatial representation system","volume":"31","author":"Moser","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annual Review of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib50","author":"Narang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exploring sparsity in recurrent neural networks"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib51","first-page":"145","article-title":"At the edge of chaos: Real-time computations and self-organized criticality in recurrent neural networks","volume-title":"Advances in neural information processing systems","author":"Natschl\u00e4ger","year":"2005"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024021615430895700_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.82.011903","article-title":"Stimulus-dependent suppression of chaos in recurrent neural networks","volume":"82","author":"Rajan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Physical Review E"},{"issue":"25","key":"2024021615430895700_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.118.258101","article-title":"Local dynamics in trained recurrent neural networks","volume":"118","author":"Rivkind","year":"2017","journal-title":"Physical Review Letters"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-070815-013824","article-title":"Ten years of grid cells","volume":"39","author":"Rowland","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annual Review of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib55","first-page":"632","article-title":"Recurrent neural networks are universal approximators","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks","author":"Sch\u00e4fer","year":"2006"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2021.03.035","article-title":"Quantifying the separability of data classes in neural networks","volume":"139","author":"Schilling","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neural Networks"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024021615430895700_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1080\/23273798.2020.1803375","article-title":"Analysis of continuous neuronal activity evoked by natural speech with computational corpus linguistics methods","volume":"36","author":"Schilling","year":"2021","journal-title":"Language, Cognition and Neuroscience"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib58","first-page":"1425","article-title":"On computational power and the order-chaos phase transition in reservoir computing","volume-title":"Advances in neural information processing systems, 21","author":"Schrauwen","year":"2009"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024021615430895700_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevX.8.041029","article-title":"Optimal sequence memory in driven random networks","volume":"8","author":"Schuecker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physical Review X"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2024021615430895700_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-2789(95)90075-6","article-title":"Information at the edge of chaos in fluid neural networks","volume":"80","author":"Sol\u00e9","year":"1995","journal-title":"Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024021615430895700_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0030068","article-title":"Highly nonrandom features of synaptic connectivity in local cortical circuits","volume":"3","author":"Song","year":"2005","journal-title":"PLOS Biology"},{"key":"2024021615430895700_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncom.2011.00005","article-title":"The non-random brain: Efficiency, economy, and complex dynamics","volume":"5","author":"Sporns","year":"2011","journal-title":"Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024021615430895700_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02288916","article-title":"Multidimensional scaling: I. Theory and method","volume":"17","author":"Torgerson","year":"1952","journal-title":"Psychometrika"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024021615430895700_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.84.051908","article-title":"Beyond the edge of chaos: Amplification and temporal integration by recurrent networks in the chaotic regime","volume":"84","author":"Toyoizumi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Physical Review E"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024021615430895700_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1007\/s11818-019-0201-0","article-title":"Microstructure of cortical activity during sleep reflects respiratory events and state of daytime vigilance","volume":"23","author":"Traxdorf","year":"2019","journal-title":"Somnologie"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024021615430895700_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-019-0330-9","article-title":"Exploring a world of a thousand dimensions","volume":"37","author":"Vallejos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature Biotechnology"},{"issue":"11","key":"2024021615430895700_bib67","article-title":"Visualizing data using t-SNE","volume":"9","author":"Van der Maaten","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Machine Learning Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024021615430895700_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1408","DOI":"10.1162\/NECO_a_00449","article-title":"Randomly connected networks have short temporal memory","volume":"25","author":"Wallace","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neural Computation"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024021615430895700_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1162\/artl_a_00041","article-title":"Fisher information at the edge of chaos in random Boolean networks","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Artificial Life"},{"issue":"10","key":"2024021615430895700_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.23915\/distill.00002","article-title":"How to use t-SNE effectively","volume":"1","author":"Wattenberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Distill"}],"container-title":["Neural Computation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/neco\/article-pdf\/36\/3\/351\/2335965\/neco_a_01651.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/neco\/article-pdf\/36\/3\/351\/2335965\/neco_a_01651.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,16]],"date-time":"2024-02-16T15:43:44Z","timestamp":1708098224000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/neco\/article\/36\/3\/351\/119620\/Quantifying-and-Maximizing-the-Information-Flux-in"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,16]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/neco_a_01651","relation":{},"ISSN":["0899-7667","1530-888X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0899-7667","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-888X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,16]]}}}