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{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,16]],"date-time":"2024-09-16T01:51:53Z","timestamp":1726451513660},"reference-count":273,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"2","funder":[{"name":"Interop NoE","award":["508011"]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Comput. Surv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,2]]},"abstract":"Word sense disambiguation (WSD) is the ability to identify the meaning of words in context in a computational manner. WSD is considered an AI-complete problem, that is, a task whose solution is at least as hard as the most difficult problems in artificial intelligence. We introduce the reader to the motivations for solving the ambiguity of words and provide a description of the task. We overview supervised, unsupervised, and knowledge-based approaches. The assessment of WSD systems is discussed in the context of the Senseval\/Semeval campaigns, aiming at the objective evaluation of systems participating in several different disambiguation tasks. Finally, applications, open problems, and future directions are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1459352.1459355","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,25]],"date-time":"2009-02-25T14:44:30Z","timestamp":1235573070000},"page":"1-69","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":877,"title":["Word sense disambiguation"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Roberto","family":"Navigli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 di Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/0891201041850876"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACL Workshop on Unsupervised Learning in Natural Language Processing","author":"Abney S.","unstructured":"Abney , S. and Light , M . 1999. Hiding a semantic class hierarchy in a Markov model . In Proceedings of the ACL Workshop on Unsupervised Learning in Natural Language Processing ( College Park, MD). 1--8. Abney, S. and Light, M. 1999. Hiding a semantic class hierarchy in a Markov model. In Proceedings of the ACL Workshop on Unsupervised Learning in Natural Language Processing (College Park, MD). 1--8."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the NAACL Workshop on WordNet and Other lexical Resources: Applications, Extensions and Customizations","author":"Agirre E.","unstructured":"Agirre , E. , Ansa , O. , Martinez , D. , and Hovy , E . 2001. Enriching WordNet concepts with topic signatures . In Proceedings of the NAACL Workshop on WordNet and Other lexical Resources: Applications, Extensions and Customizations ( Pittsburg, PA). 23--28. Agirre, E., Ansa, O., Martinez, D., and Hovy, E. 2001. Enriching WordNet concepts with topic signatures. 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