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We present a method which detects and segments all acquired vertebral bodies, with minimal user intervention. This allows an automatic diagnosis to detect scoliosis, spondylolisthesis and crushed vertebrae. Our approach consists of three major steps. First, vertebral centres are detected using a Viola\u2013Jones like method, and then the vertebrae are segmented in a parallel manner, and finally, geometric diagnostic features are deduced in order to diagnose the three diseases. Our method was evaluated on 26 lumbar datasets containing 234 reference vertebrae. Vertebra detection has 7.1% false negatives and 1.3% false positives. The average Dice coefficient to manual reference is 79.3% and mean distance error is 1.76\u00a0mm. No severe case of the three illnesses was missed, and false alarms occurred rarely\u20140% for scoliosis, 3.9% for spondylolisthesis and 2.6% for vertebral fractures. The main advantages of our method are high speed, robust handling of a large variety of routine clinical images, and simple and minimal user interaction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.12343","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,4]],"date-time":"2014-03-04T21:50:52Z","timestamp":1393969852000},"page":"190-204","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Robust Detection and Segmentation for Diagnosis of Vertebral Diseases Using Routine MR Images"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"D\u017eenan","family":"Zuki\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Graphics and Multimedia Systems Group University of Siegen Germany"}]},{"given":"Ale\u0161","family":"Vlas\u00e1k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery University Hospital Motol Prague Czech Republic"},{"name":"International Clinical Research Center St. Anne's University Hospital Brno Brno Czech Republic"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Egger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery University Hospital Gie\u00dfen and Marburg Marburg Germany"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Ho\u0159\u00ednek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Clinical Research Center St. Anne's University Hospital Brno Brno Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Jan Evangelista Purkyn\u011bUniversity \u00dast\u00ed nad Labem Czech Republic"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Nimsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery University Hospital Gie\u00dfen and Marburg Marburg Germany"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Kolb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Graphics and Multimedia Systems Group University of Siegen Germany"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-005-1053-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"520","volume-title":"Proceedings of MICCAI","author":"Ayed I. 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