{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,14]],"date-time":"2024-07-14T12:58:01Z","timestamp":1720961881857},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,13]],"date-time":"2020-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["71661002","41671532"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n The moods, feelings, and attitudes represented in a novel will resonate in the reader by activating similar sentiments. It is generally accepted that sentiment analysis can capture aspects of such moods, feelings, and attitudes and can be used to summarize a novel\u2019s plot in a story arc. With the availability of a number of algorithms to automatically extract sentiment-based story arcs, new approaches for their utilization becomes pertinent. We propose to use nonlinear adaptive filtering and fractal analysis in order to analyze the narrative coherence and dynamic evolution of a novel. Using Never Let Me Go by Kazuo Ishiguro, the winner of the 2017 Nobel Prize for Literature as an illustrative example, we show that: (1) nonlinear adaptive filtering can extract a story arc that reflects the tragic trend of the novel; (2) the story arc displays persistent dynamics as measured by the Hurst exponent at short and medium timescales; (3) the plot\u2019s dynamic evolution is reflected in the time-varying Hurst exponent. We argue that these findings are indicative of the potential that multifractal theory has for computational narratology and large-scale literary analysis. Specifically that the global Hurst exponent of a story arc is an index of narrative coherence that can identify bland, incoherent, and coherent narratives on a continuous scale. And, further, that the local time-varying Hurst exponent captures variation of a novel\u2019s plot such that the extrema have specific narratological interpretations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/llc\/fqz092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,24]],"date-time":"2020-01-24T12:09:11Z","timestamp":1579867751000},"page":"322-332","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Dynamic evolution of sentiments in Never Let Me Go<\/i>: Insights from multifractal theory and its implications for literary analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Qiyue","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Geodata and Analysis, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, China"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Business School, Guangxi University, China"}]},{"given":"Mads Rosendahl","family":"Thomsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Communication and Culture, Aarhus University, Denmark"}]},{"given":"Jianbo","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Geodata and Analysis, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, China; Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China and International College, Guangxi University, China"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5116-5070","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristoffer L","family":"Nielbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Humanities Computing, Aarhus University, Denmark"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B1","first-page":"24","author":"Agarwal","year":"2009"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","volume-title":"Psychonarratology: Foundations for the Empirical Study of Literary Response","author":"Bortolussi","year":"2002","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511500107"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B3","first-page":"42","author":"Brooke","year":"2015"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1109\/MIS.2016.31","article-title":"Affective computing and sentiment analysis","volume":"31","author":"Cambria","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Intelligent Systems"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1109\/MIS.2013.30","article-title":"New avenues in opinion mining and sentiment analysis","volume":"28","author":"Cambria","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Intelligent Systems"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1080\/09589230903525445","article-title":"Imitations of life: cloning, heterosexuality and the human in Kazuo Ishiguro\u2019s Never let me go","volume":"19","author":"Carroll","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Gender Studies"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"011104","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.71.011104","article-title":"Effect of nonlinear filters on detrended fluctuation analysis","volume":"71","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Physical Review E"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2389","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1411678112","article-title":"Human language reveals a universal positivity bias","volume":"112","author":"Dodds","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B9","first-page":"69","article-title":"Deep convolutional neural networks for sentiment analysis of short texts","author":"dos Santos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proceedings of COLING"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B10","volume-title":"1st edn","author":"Gao","year":"2007"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e24331","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0024331","article-title":"Facilitating joint chaos and fractal analysis of biosignals through nonlinear adaptive filtering","volume":"6","author":"Gao","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"73","key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1956","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2011.0846","article-title":"Culturomics meets random fractal theory: insights into long-range correlations of social and natural phenomena over the past two centuries","volume":"9","author":"Gao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Society Interface"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B13","first-page":"1","author":"Gao","year":"2016"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2009.2037773","article-title":"Denoising nonlinear time series by adaptive filtering and wavelet shrinkage: a comparison","volume":"17","author":"Gao","year":"2010","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","volume-title":"Affective Narratology: The Emotional Structure of Stories","author":"Hogan","year":"2011","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctt1df4gnk"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"P02066","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-5468\/2009\/02\/P02066","article-title":"Multifractal analysis of sunspot time series: the effects of the 11-year cycle and Fourier truncation","volume":"2009","author":"Hu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.64.011114","article-title":"Effect of trends on detrended fluctuation analysis","volume":"64","author":"Hu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Physical Review E"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B18","first-page":"168","author":"Hu","year":"2004"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B19","volume-title":"Never Let Me Go","author":"Ishiguro","year":"2005"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B20","author":"Jockers","year":"2015"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B21","author":"Jockers","year":"2015"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B22","author":"Jockers","year":"2016"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B23","author":"Jockers","year":"2017"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4371(02)01383-3","article-title":"Multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis of nonstationary time series","volume":"316","author":"Kantelhardt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B25","first-page":"1367","author":"Kim","year":"2004"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevX.4.041036","article-title":"Inheritance patterns in citation networks reveal scientific memes","volume":"4","author":"Kuhn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physical Review X"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/14754835.2011.546242","article-title":"Human rights storytelling and trauma narrative in Kazuo Ishiguro\u2019s Never Let Me Go","volume":"10","author":"Levy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Human Rights"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B28","volume-title":"The Fractal Geometry of Nature","author":"Mandelbrot","year":"1982"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asej.2014.04.011","article-title":"Sentiment analysis algorithms and applications: a survey","volume":"5","author":"Medhat","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B30","first-page":"412","author":"Mullen","year":"2004"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B31","author":"Nielsen","year":"2011"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/icy038","article-title":"Narrative and \u201canti-narrative\u201d in science: how scientists tell stories, and don\u2019t","author":"Padian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Integrative and Comparative Biology"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1561\/1500000011","article-title":"Opinion mining and sentiment analysis","volume":"2","author":"Pang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Foundation and Trends in Information Retrieval"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3323","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2012.0491","article-title":"Evolution of the most common English words and phrases over the centuries","volume":"9","author":"Perc","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Society Interface"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20140378","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2014.0378","article-title":"The Matthew effect in empirical data","volume":"11","author":"Perc","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Society Interface"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1038\/srep00943","article-title":"Languages cool as they expand: allometric scaling and the decreasing need for new words","volume":"2","author":"Petersen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B37","author":"Reagan","year":"2016"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B38","author":"Reagan","year":"2015"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B39","author":"Swaford","year":"2015"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B40","volume-title":"The New Human in Literature: Posthuman Visions of Changes in Body, Mind and Society after 1900","author":"Thomsen","year":"2015"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.83.046210","article-title":"Detecting chaos in heavy-noise environments","volume":"83","author":"Tung","year":"2011","journal-title":"Physical Review E"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B42","first-page":"417","author":"Turney","year":"2001"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B43","first-page":"8","author":"Wilson","year":"2005"},{"key":"2021093000015899200_fqz092-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-7687-1_907","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of Machine Learning and Data Mining","author":"Zhang","year":"2017"}],"container-title":["Digital Scholarship in the Humanities"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/dsh\/article-pdf\/36\/2\/322\/40479875\/fqz092.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/dsh\/article-pdf\/36\/2\/322\/40479875\/fqz092.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T03:12:59Z","timestamp":1632971579000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/dsh\/article\/36\/2\/322\/5856850"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/llc\/fqz092","relation":{},"ISSN":["2055-7671","2055-768X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2055-7671","type":"print"},{"value":"2055-768X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]]}}}