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The approach is the result of a three-year long research effort, and has recently be adopted by the European Commission as part of its ethics review procedure for AI projects. We describe and explain the approach and its different components and its application to the development of AI software and systems. We also compare it to other approaches in AI ethics, and we consider limitations of the approach as well as potential criticisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s43681-023-00330-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]],"date-time":"2023-09-21T09:02:39Z","timestamp":1695286959000},"page":"1265-1277","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Ethics by design for artificial intelligence"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4789-4588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip","family":"Brey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Brandt","family":"Dainow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"330_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dignum, V. et al.: \u201cEthics by design: Necessity or curse?,\u201d in Proceedings of the 2018 AAAI\/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society 60\u201366 (2018)","DOI":"10.1145\/3278721.3278745"},{"key":"330_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"d\u2019Aquin, M., Troullinou, P., O\u2019Connor, N. 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