{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T18:23:33Z","timestamp":1722968613485},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,15]],"date-time":"2022-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657843200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,15]],"date-time":"2022-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657843200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["SN COMPUT. SCI."],"DOI":"10.1007\/s42979-022-01255-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,15]],"date-time":"2022-07-15T13:04:36Z","timestamp":1657890276000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Learning Classifier System for Automated Test Case Prioritization and Selection"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Lukas","family":"Rosenbauer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"David","family":"P\u00e4tzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"H\u00e4hner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"1255_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1978","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2013.02.061","volume":"86","author":"S Anand","year":"2013","unstructured":"Anand S, Burke EK, Chen TY, Clark J, Cohen MB, Grieskamp W, Harman M, Harrold MJ, McMinn P, Bertolino A, Li JJ, Zhu H. An orchestrated survey of methodologies for automated software test case generation. J Syst Softw. 2013;86(8):1978\u20132001.","journal-title":"J Syst Softw"},{"key":"1255_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arrieta A, Wang S, Arruabarrena A, Markiegi U, Sagardui G, Etxeberria L. Multi-objective black-box test case selection for cost-effectively testing simulation models. In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, GECCO \u201918, 2018. New York: Association for Computing Machinery, p. 1411\u20138.","DOI":"10.1145\/3205455.3205490"},{"key":"1255_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-44640-0_15","volume-title":"Advances in learning classifier systems","author":"MV Butz","year":"2001","unstructured":"Butz MV, Wilson SW. An algorithmic description of XCS. In: Lanzi PL, Stolzmann W, Wilson SW, editors. Advances in learning classifier systems. Berlin: Springer; 2001. p. 253\u201372."},{"key":"1255_CR4","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Chapter I: notes on structured programming","author":"EW Dijkstra","year":"1972","unstructured":"Dijkstra EW. Chapter I: notes on structured programming. GBR: Academic Press Ltd.; 1972. p. 1\u201382."},{"key":"1255_CR5","unstructured":"Fedus W, Ramachandran P, Agarwal R, Bengio Y, Larochelle H, Rowland M, Dabney W. Revisiting fundamentals of experience replay. CoRR. http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2007.06700, 2020."},{"key":"1255_CR6","unstructured":"International\u00a0Organization for Standardization. ISO\/IEC 25010. https:\/\/iso25000.com\/index.php\/en\/iso-25000-standards\/iso-25010, 2014. Accessed 15 Jun 2021."},{"key":"1255_CR7","unstructured":"Fowler M. Continuous integration. https:\/\/www.martinfowler.com\/articles\/continuousIntegration.html, 2006. Accessed 21 Feb 2021."},{"key":"1255_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-71289-3_23","volume-title":"Fundamental approaches to software engineering","author":"G Fraser","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fraser G, Wotawa F. Redundancy based test-suite reduction. In: Dwyer MB, Lopes A, editors. Fundamental approaches to software engineering. Berlin: Springer; 2007. p. 291\u2013305."},{"key":"1255_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hsu H-Y, Orso A. Mints: a general framework and tool for supporting test-suite minimization. In: 2009 IEEE 31st International Conference on Software Engineering, 2009. p. 419\u2013429.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE.2009.5070541"},{"issue":"10","key":"1255_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2052","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2019.2942921","volume":"47","author":"R Huang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Huang R, Sun W, Xu Y, Chen H, Towey D, Xia X. A survey on adaptive random testing. IEEE Trans Softw Eng. 2021;47(10):2052\u201383.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Softw Eng"},{"issue":"3","key":"1255_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1109\/MCSE.2007.55","volume":"9","author":"JD Hunter","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hunter JD. Matplotlib: a 2D graphics environment. Comput Sci Eng. 2007;9(3):90\u20135.","journal-title":"Comput Sci Eng"},{"key":"1255_CR12","unstructured":"Kirdey S, Cureton K, Rick S, Ramanathan S, Mrinal S. Lerner\u2014using RL agents for test case scheduling. https:\/\/netflixtechblog.com\/lerner-using-rl-agents-for-test-case-scheduling-3e0686211198, 2019. Accessed 21 Feb 2021"},{"issue":"260","key":"1255_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1952.10483441","volume":"47","author":"WH Kruskal","year":"1952","unstructured":"Kruskal WH, Allen WW. Use of ranks in one-criterion variance analysis. J Am Stat Assoc. 1952;47(260):583\u2013621.","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"key":"1255_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lachmann R, Felderer M, Nieke M, Schulze S, Seidl C, Schaefer I. Multi-objective black-box test case selection for system testing. In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, GECCO \u201917. 2017. New York: Association for Computing Machinery, p. 1311\u20138.","DOI":"10.1145\/3071178.3071189"},{"key":"1255_CR15","unstructured":"Lin L-J. Reinforcement Learning for Robots Using Neural Networks. PhD thesis, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, 1992. UMI Order No. GAX93-22750."},{"key":"1255_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lukasczyk S, Kroi\u00df F, Fraser G. Automated unit test generation for python. CoRR, abs\/2007.14049, 2020.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-59762-7_2"},{"key":"1255_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M\u00fcller-Schloer C, Tomforde S. Organic computing\u2014technical systems for survival in the real world. In: Autonomic Systems, 2017.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-68477-2"},{"key":"1255_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Papadakis M, Kintis M, Zhang J, Jia Y, Traon\u00a0TL, Harman M. Chapter six\u2014mutation testing advances: an analysis and survey. volume 112 of Advances in Computers, p. 275\u2013378. Elsevier, 2019.","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.adcom.2018.03.015"},{"key":"1255_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P\u00e4tzel D, Heider M, Wagner ARM. An overview of LCS research from 2020 to 2021. In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion, GECCO \u201921. New York: Association for Computing Machinery, 2021, pp. 1648\u201356.","DOI":"10.1145\/3449726.3463173"},{"key":"1255_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P\u00e4tzel D, Stein A, Nakata M. An overview of lcs research from iwlcs 2019\u20132020. In: Proceedings of the 2020 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion, GECCO \u201920. New York: Association for Computing Machinery, 2020, pp. 1782\u20138.","DOI":"10.1145\/3377929.3398105"},{"key":"1255_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prothmann H, Tomforde S, Branke J, H\u00e4hner J, M\u00fcller-Schloer C, Schmeck H. Organic traffic control; 2011.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-0348-0130-0_28"},{"key":"1255_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qu X, Cohen\u00a0MB, Woolf KM. Combinatorial interaction regression testing: a study of test case generation and prioritization. In: 2007 IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance. 2007, p. 255\u201364.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSM.2007.4362638"},{"key":"1255_CR23","volume-title":"Fundamentals of software architecture: an engineering approach","author":"M Richards","year":"2019","unstructured":"Richards M, Ford N. Fundamentals of software architecture: an engineering approach. London: O\u2019Reilly Media Incorporated; 2019."},{"key":"1255_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosenbauer L, Stein A, H\u00e4hner J. An artificial immune system for adaptive test selection. In: 2020 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI), 2020; p. 2940\u20137.","DOI":"10.1109\/SSCI47803.2020.9308528"},{"key":"1255_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosenbauer L, P\u00e4tzel D, Stein A, H\u00e4hner J. Transfer learning for automated test case prioritization using xcsf. In: EvoApplications: 24th International Conference on the Applications of Evolutionary Computation as part of evostar 2021, April 2021, Seville, Spain, 2021.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-72699-7_43"},{"key":"1255_CR26","volume-title":"Architecture of computing systems\u2014ARCS 2021","author":"L Rosenbauer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rosenbauer L, P\u00e4tzel D, Stein A, H\u00e4hner J. An organic computing system for automated testing. In: Bauer L, Pionteck T, editors. Architecture of computing systems\u2014ARCS 2021. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2021."},{"key":"1255_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosenbauer L, Stein A, H\u00e4hner J. An artificial immune system for black box test case selection. In: EvoCop: 21st European Conference on Evolutionary Computation in Combinatorial Optimisation as part of evostar 2021, April 2021, Seville, Spain, 2021.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-72904-2_11"},{"key":"1255_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosenbauer L, Stein A, Maier R, P\u00e4tzel D, H\u00e4hner J. Xcs as a reinforcement learning approach to automatic test case prioritization. In: Proceedings of the 2020 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion, GECCO\u201920, New York: Association for Computing Machinery, 2020, p. 1798\u2013806.","DOI":"10.1145\/3377929.3398128"},{"key":"1255_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosenbauer L, Stein A, P\u00e4tzel D, H\u00e4hner J. Xcsf for automatic test case prioritization. In: Merelo JJ, Garibaldi J, Wagner C, B\u00e4ck T, Madani K, Warwick K (eds) Proceedings of the 12th International Joint Conference on Computational Intelligence (ECTA), November 2\u20134, 2020, 2020.","DOI":"10.5220\/0010105700490058"},{"key":"1255_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosenbauer L, Stein A, P\u00e4tzel D, H\u00e4hner J. Xcsf with experience replay for automatic test case prioritization. In: Abbass H, Coello Coello CA, Singh HK (eds) 2020 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI), virtual event, Canberra, Australia, 1\u20134 December 2020, 2020.","DOI":"10.1109\/SSCI47803.2020.9308379"},{"key":"1255_CR31","volume-title":"Jenkins: the definitive guide","author":"JF Smart","year":"2011","unstructured":"Smart JF. Jenkins: the Definitive Guide. Beijing: O\u2019Reilly; 2011."},{"key":"1255_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spieker H, Gotlieb A, Marijan D, Mossige M. Reinforcement learning for automatic test case prioritization and selection in continuous integration. CoRR. 1811.04122, 2018.","DOI":"10.1145\/3092703.3092709"},{"key":"1255_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stein A, Maier R, Rosenbauer L, H\u00e4hner J. Xcs classifier system with experience replay. In: Proceedings of the 2020 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, GECCO\u201920. New York: Association for Computing Machinery, 2020, p. 404\u201313.","DOI":"10.1145\/3377930.3390249"},{"key":"1255_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stein A, Menssen S, H\u00e4hner J. What about interpolation? a radial basis function approach to classifier prediction modeling in xcsf. In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, GECCO \u201918. New York: Association for Computing Machinery, 2018, p. 537\u201344.","DOI":"10.1145\/3205455.3205599"},{"key":"1255_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stein A, Rudolph S, Tomforde S, H\u00e4hner J. Self-learning smart cameras\u2014harnessing the generalisation capability of XCS. In: Proceedings of the 9th International Joint Conference on Computational Intelligence, Funchal, Portugal, 2017.","DOI":"10.5220\/0006512101290140"},{"key":"1255_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2013.08.032","volume":"87","author":"D St\u00e5hl","year":"2014","unstructured":"St\u00e5hl D, Bosch J. Modeling continuous integration practice differences in industry software development. J Syst Softw. 2014;87:48\u201359.","journal-title":"J Syst Softw"},{"key":"1255_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Urbanowicz RJ, Browne WN. Introduction to Learning Classifier Systems. Springer Publishing Company, Incorporated, 1st edn., 2017.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-55007-6"},{"key":"1255_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016535925043","volume":"1","author":"S Wilson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wilson S. Classifiers that approximate functions. Nat Comput. 2002;1:1\u20132.","journal-title":"Nat Comput"},{"issue":"2","key":"1255_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1162\/evco.1995.3.2.149","volume":"3","author":"SW Wilson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Wilson SW. Classifier fitness based on accuracy. Evol Comput. 1995;3(2):149\u201375.","journal-title":"Evol Comput"},{"issue":"2","key":"1255_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1002\/stv.430","volume":"22","author":"S Yoo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yoo S, Harman M. Regression testing minimization, selection and prioritization: a survey. Softw Test Verif Reliab. 2012;22(2):67\u2013120.","journal-title":"Softw Test Verif Reliab"},{"key":"1255_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu Y, Jones\u00a0JA, Harrold\u00a0MJ. An empirical study of the effects of test-suite reduction on fault localization. In: Proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Software Engineering, ICSE \u201908. New York: Association for Computing Machinery, 2008, p. 201\u201310.","DOI":"10.1145\/1368088.1368116"}],"updated-by":[{"updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"DOI":"10.1007\/s42979-022-01352-1","type":"correction","source":"publisher","label":"Correction"}],"container-title":["SN Computer Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s42979-022-01255-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s42979-022-01255-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s42979-022-01255-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,19]],"date-time":"2022-09-19T19:21:52Z","timestamp":1663615312000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s42979-022-01255-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,15]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["1255"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42979-022-01255-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["2661-8907"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2661-8907","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 July 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 June 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 July 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 August 2022","order":4,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Update","order":5,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Figures were not placed nearer to its citation. Now, the placment of the figures have been corrected.","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 September 2022","order":7,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":8,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A Correction to this paper has been published:","order":9,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42979-022-01352-1","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42979-022-01352-1","order":10,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The source code for the ML approaches etc. can be retrieved from here: ExternalRef removed.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Code Availability"}},{"value":"Not applicable (no medical study).","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable (no medical study).","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Publish"}}],"article-number":"373"}}