{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T03:04:29Z","timestamp":1740107069662,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]],"date-time":"2024-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711497600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]],"date-time":"2024-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711497600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Soc Choice Welf"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>In the third decade of the 21st century, digitization and artificial intelligence, global events, challenges from authoritarian states, and difficulties of particular democracies to function properly confront democracy with a new series of challenges and opportunities that will force it to reinvent itself. The last decades have produced an accelerating flow of ideas for new forms of democracy. We survey a long period in the quest for such new forms and point to next inventions for such forms. We suggest to experiment with new ways for democracy to extend the choice of democratic processes that can be implemented in real-life situations, with the beneficial side-effect that democracy might remain the only sustainable structure for self-governing societies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00355-023-01505-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]],"date-time":"2024-03-27T17:02:53Z","timestamp":1711558973000},"page":"799-837","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Forms of new democracy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8845-272X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hans","family":"Gersbach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"1505_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abramowitz B, Mattei N (2019) Flexible representative democracy: an introduction with binary issues. Proceedings of the 28th international joint conference on artificial intelligence, AAAI Press, pp. 3\u201310","DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2019\/1"},{"key":"1505_CR2","volume-title":"Congress reconsidered","author":"JR Alford","year":"1989","unstructured":"Alford JR, Brady DW (1989) Personal and partisan advantage in US congressional elections. In: Dodd LC, Oppenheimer BI (eds) Congress reconsidered. Praeger, New York, NY"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"1505_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11127-006-3059-1","volume":"126","author":"D Alger","year":"2006","unstructured":"Alger D (2006) Voting by proxy. Public Choice 126(1\u20132):1\u201326","journal-title":"Public Choice"},{"key":"1505_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.2307\/2082796","volume":"90","author":"D Austen-Smith","year":"1996","unstructured":"Austen-Smith D, Banks J (1996) Information aggregation, rationality, and the Condorcet Jury Theorem. Am Political Sci Rev 90:34\u201345","journal-title":"Am Political Sci Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"1505_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1017\/S0003055406062113","volume":"100","author":"D Austen-Smith","year":"2006","unstructured":"Austen-Smith D, Feddersen T (2006) Deliberation, preference uncertainty and voting rules. Am Political Sci Rev 100(2):209\u2013217","journal-title":"Am Political Sci Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"1505_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.3982\/ECTA17032","volume":"89","author":"L Bartholdi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bartholdi L, Hann-Carruthers W, Josyula M, Tamuz O, Yariv L (2021) Equitable voting rules. Econometrica 89(2):563\u2013589","journal-title":"Econometrica"},{"key":"1505_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Battaglini M, Morton R, Palfrey T (2008) Information aggregation and strategic abstention in large laboratory elections. Am Econ Rev: Pap Proc 98(2):194\u2013200","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.98.2.194"},{"key":"1505_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-937X.2009.00569.x","volume":"77","author":"M Battaglini","year":"2010","unstructured":"Battaglini M, Morton R, Palfrey T (2010) The swing voter\u2019s curse in the laboratory. Rev Econ Stud 77:61\u201389","journal-title":"Rev Econ Stud"},{"issue":"3","key":"1505_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.3982\/ECTA8311","volume":"81","author":"S Bhattacharya","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bhattacharya S (2013) Preference monotonicity and information aggregation in elections. Econometrica 81(3):1229\u20131247","journal-title":"Econometrica"},{"volume-title":"Le Tournant D\u00e9lib\u00e9ratif","year":"2021","key":"1505_CR10","unstructured":"Blondiaux L, Manin B (eds) (2021) Le Tournant D\u00e9lib\u00e9ratif. Presses de Sciences Po, Paris"},{"issue":"2","key":"1505_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1111\/jopp.12065","volume":"24","author":"C Blum","year":"2016","unstructured":"Blum C, Zuber CI (2016) Liquid democracy: potentials, problems, and perspectives. J Political Philos 24(2):162\u2013182","journal-title":"J Political Philos"},{"issue":"2","key":"1505_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-937X.2009.00581.x","volume":"77","author":"P Bond","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bond P, Eraslan H (2009) Strategic voting over strategic proposals. Rev Econ Stud 77(2):459\u2013490","journal-title":"Rev Econ Stud"},{"key":"1505_CR13","volume-title":"Inventer la D\u00e9mocratie du XXie si\u00e8cle: L\u2019Assembl\u00e9e Citoyenne du Futur","author":"D Bourg","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bourg D, Cohendet M-A, Blondiaux L, Fourniau J-M, Augagneur F, Fran\u00e7ois B (2017) Inventer la D\u00e9mocratie du XXie si\u00e8cle: L\u2019Assembl\u00e9e Citoyenne du Futur. Les liens qui lib\u00e8rent, Paris"},{"key":"1505_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1086\/695477","volume":"126","author":"L Bouton","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bouton L, Llorente-Saguer A, Malherbe F (2018) Get rid of the unanimity rule: the superiority of majority rules with veto power. J Polit Econ 126:107\u2013149","journal-title":"J Polit Econ"},{"issue":"2","key":"1505_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9760.2008.00316.x","volume":"18","author":"H Brighouse","year":"2010","unstructured":"Brighouse H, Fleurbaey M (2010) Democracy and proportionality. J Polit Philos 18(2):137\u2013155","journal-title":"Democracy and proportionality. J Polit Philos"},{"key":"1505_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brill M, Talmon N (2018) Pairwise liquid democracy. IJCAI, pp 137\u2013143","DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2018\/19"},{"key":"1505_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1007\/s00182-020-00708-2","volume":"49","author":"V Britz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Britz V, Gersbach H (2020) Information sharing in Democractic Mechanisms. Internat J Game Theory 49:547\u2013577","journal-title":"Internat J Game Theory"},{"key":"1505_CR18","volume-title":"The calculus of consent: logical foundations of constitutional democracy","author":"J Buchanan","year":"1962","unstructured":"Buchanan J, Tullock G (1962) The calculus of consent: logical foundations of constitutional democracy. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, MI"},{"issue":"1","key":"1505_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1177\/1065912919883696","volume":"73","author":"JL Carson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Carson JL, Sievert J, Williamson RD (2020) Nationalization and the incumbency advantage. Polit Res Q 73(1):156\u2013168","journal-title":"Polit Res Q"},{"key":"1505_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geb.2004.09.009","volume":"51","author":"A Casella","year":"2005","unstructured":"Casella A (2005) Storable votes. Games Econom Behav 51:391\u2013419","journal-title":"Storable votes. Games Econom Behav"},{"key":"1505_CR21","volume-title":"Storable votes: protecting the ninority voice","author":"A Casella","year":"2012","unstructured":"Casella A (2012) Storable votes: protecting the minority voice. Oxford University Press, Oxford"},{"key":"1505_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-economics-081720-114422","volume":"13","author":"A Casella","year":"2021","unstructured":"Casella A, Mac\u00e9 A (2021) Does vote trading improve welfare? Annu Rev Econ 13:57\u201386","journal-title":"Annu Rev Econ"},{"key":"1505_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geb.2017.10.009","volume":"106","author":"A Casella","year":"2017","unstructured":"Casella A, Laslier JF, Mac\u00e9 A (2017) Democracy for polarized committees: the tale of Blotto\u2019s lieutenants. Games Econom Behav 106:239\u2013259","journal-title":"Games Econom Behav"},{"issue":"3","key":"1505_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.2307\/1957270","volume":"77","author":"JR Chamberlin","year":"1983","unstructured":"Chamberlin JR, Courant PN (1983) Representative deliberations and representative decisions: proportional representation and the Borda rule. Am Political Sci Rev 77(3):718\u2013733","journal-title":"Am Political Sci Rev"},{"key":"1505_CR25","unstructured":"Chandar B, Weyl EG (2019) Quadratic voting in finite populations. Stanford Graduate School of Business Working Paper"},{"key":"1505_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Christoff Z, Grossi D (2017a) Binary voting with delegable proxy: an analysis of liquid democracy. In: Proceedings of the sixteenth conference on theoretical aspects of rationality and knowledge, TARK 2017, Liverpool, UK, 24\u201326 July 2017, pp 134\u2013150","DOI":"10.4204\/EPTCS.251.10"},{"key":"1505_CR27","unstructured":"Christoff Z, Grossi D (2017b) Liquid democracy: an analysis in binary aggregation and diffusion, arXiv:1612.08048"},{"issue":"1","key":"1505_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.2307\/2585762","volume":"93","author":"M Chwe","year":"1999","unstructured":"Chwe M (1999) Minority rights can maximize majority welfare. Am Political Sci Rev 93(1):85\u201397","journal-title":"Am Political Sci Rev"},{"key":"1505_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01726210","volume":"11","author":"E Clarke","year":"1971","unstructured":"Clarke E (1971) Multipart pricing of public goods. Public Choice 11:17\u201333","journal-title":"Public Choice"},{"key":"1505_CR30","unstructured":"Cohensius G, Mannor S, Meir R, Meirom E, Orda A (2017) Proxy voting for better outcomes. In: Proceedings of the 16th conference on autonomous agents and multi-agent systems, International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, pp 858\u2013866"},{"key":"1505_CR31","first-page":"1105","volume":"56","author":"JS Coleman","year":"1966","unstructured":"Coleman JS (1966) The possibility of a social welfare function. Am Econ Rev 56:1105\u20131122","journal-title":"Am Econ Rev"},{"key":"1505_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.2307\/2586018","volume":"94","author":"P Coughlan","year":"2000","unstructured":"Coughlan P (2000) In defense of unanimous jury verdicts: mistrials, communication and strategic voting. Am Political Sci Rev 94:375\u2013393","journal-title":"Am Political Sci Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"1505_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.2307\/2111633","volume":"40","author":"GW Cox","year":"1996","unstructured":"Cox GW, Katz JN (1996) Why did the incumbency advantage in US House elections grow? Am J Political Sci 40(2):478\u2013497","journal-title":"Am J Political Sci"},{"key":"1505_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jebo.2022.01.019","volume":"196","author":"M Dold","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dold M, Lewis P (2022) F.A. Hayek on the political economy of endogenous preferences: an historical overview and contemporary assessment. J Econ Behav Organ 196:104\u2013119","journal-title":"J Econ Behav Organ"},{"key":"1505_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eguia JX, Immorlica H, Ligett K, Weyl G, Xefteris D (2019) Quadratic voting with multiple alternatives. Michigan State University, Department of Economics Working Paper, 2019-01","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3319508"},{"issue":"9","key":"1505_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2811","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.20190197","volume":"111","author":"JX Eguia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Eguia JX, Xefteris D (2021) Implementation by vote-buying mechanisms. Am Econ Rev 111(9):2811\u20132828","journal-title":"Am Econ Rev"},{"key":"1505_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41412-022-00131-w","author":"R Eichenberger","year":"2022","unstructured":"Eichenberger R, Schafer P (2022) On curing political diseases: the healing power of majoritarian elections in multi-member districts. Homo Oeconomicus, forthcoming. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s41412-022-00131-w. Accessed 4 Oct 2022","journal-title":"Homo Oeconomicus, forthcoming."},{"key":"1505_CR38","volume-title":"Deliberative democracy","author":"J Elster","year":"1988","unstructured":"Elster J (1988) Deliberative democracy. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge"},{"issue":"2","key":"1505_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geb.2009.10.008","volume":"69","author":"T Fahrenberger","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fahrenberger T, Gersbach H (2010) Minority Voting and long-term decisions. Games Econom Behav 69(2):329\u2013345","journal-title":"Games Econom Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"1505_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mathsocsci.2011.06.002","volume":"63","author":"T Fahrenberger","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fahrenberger T, Gersbach H (2012) Preferences for harmony and Minority Voting. Math Soc Sci 63(1):1\u201313","journal-title":"Math Soc Sci"},{"key":"1505_CR41","first-page":"408","volume":"86","author":"T Feddersen","year":"1996","unstructured":"Feddersen T, Pesendorfer W (1996) The swing voter\u2019s curse. Am Econ Rev 86:408\u2013424","journal-title":"Am Econ Rev"},{"key":"1505_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.2307\/2171878","volume":"65","author":"T Feddersen","year":"1997","unstructured":"Feddersen T, Pesendorfer W (1997) Voting behavior and information aggregation in elections with private information. Econometrica 65:1029\u20131058","journal-title":"Econometrica"},{"key":"1505_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.2307\/2585926","volume":"92","author":"T Feddersen","year":"1998","unstructured":"Feddersen T, Pesendorfer W (1998) Convicting the innocent: the inferiority of unanimous jury verdicts. Am Political Sci Rev 92:23\u201335","journal-title":"Am Political Sci Rev"},{"key":"1505_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-74033-1","volume-title":"Voting procedures for electing a single candidate: proving their (In)vulnerability to various voting Paradoxes","author":"D Felsenthal","year":"2018","unstructured":"Felsenthal D, Nurmi H (2018) Voting procedures for electing a single candidate: proving their (in)vulnerability to various voting paradoxes. Springer"},{"key":"1505_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03788-6","volume":"596","author":"B Flanigan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Flanigan B, G\u00f6lz P, Gupta A, Hennig B, Procaccia AD (2021) Fair algorithms for selecting citizens\u2019 assemblies. Nature 596:26","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1505_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s41412-017-0040-9","volume":"34","author":"B Frey","year":"2017","unstructured":"Frey B (2017) Proposals for a democracy of the future. Homo Oecon 34:1\u20139","journal-title":"Homo Oecon"},{"key":"1505_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-64659-6","volume-title":"Elections, voting rules and paradoxical outcomes","author":"W Gehrlein","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gehrlein W, Lepelley D (2017) Elections, voting rules and paradoxical outcomes. Springer"},{"issue":"4","key":"1505_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.2307\/2111475","volume":"34","author":"A Gelman","year":"1990","unstructured":"Gelman A, King G (1990) Estimating incumbency advantage without bias. Am J Political Sci 34(4):1142\u20131164","journal-title":"Am J Political Sci"},{"key":"1505_CR49","first-page":"357","volume":"114","author":"D Gerardi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gerardi D, Yariv L (2007) Deliberative voting. J Econ Theory 114:357\u2013394","journal-title":"Deliberative voting. J Econ Theory"},{"key":"1505_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00186280","volume":"12","author":"H Gersbach","year":"1995","unstructured":"Gersbach H (1995) Information efficiency and majority decisions. Soc Choice Welf 12:363\u2013370","journal-title":"Soc Choice Welf"},{"key":"1505_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00007171","volume":"17","author":"H Gersbach","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gersbach H (2000) Public information and social choice. Soc Choice Welf 17:25\u201331","journal-title":"Soc Choice Welf"},{"key":"1505_CR52","volume-title":"Designing democracy: ideas for better rules","author":"H Gersbach","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gersbach H (2005) Designing democracy: ideas for better rules. Springer"},{"key":"1505_CR53","first-page":"2009","volume":"2","author":"H Gersbach","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gersbach H (2009a) Minority Voting and public project provision. Economics 2:2009\u201335","journal-title":"Economics"},{"key":"1505_CR54","unstructured":"Gersbach H (2009b) Voting Twice: a new approach to the limitation of government debt accumulation. www.voxeu.org. Accessed 17 June 2009"},{"issue":"6","key":"1505_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1162\/JEEA.2009.7.6.1436","volume":"7","author":"H Gersbach","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gersbach H (2009c) Democratic mechanisms. J Eur Econ Assoc 7(6):1436\u20131469","journal-title":"J Eur Econ Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"1505_CR56","first-page":"774","volume":"30","author":"H Gersbach","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gersbach H (2010) On higher hurdles for incumbents. Econ Bull 30(1):774\u2013785","journal-title":"Econ Bull"},{"issue":"2","key":"1505_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1007\/s00355-010-0490-5","volume":"37","author":"H Gersbach","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gersbach H (2011) On the limits of democracy. Soc Choice Welf 37(2):201\u2013217","journal-title":"Soc Choice Welf"},{"issue":"3","key":"1505_CR58","first-page":"823","volume":"8","author":"H Gersbach","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gersbach H (2012) Contractual democracy. Rev Law Econ 8(3):823\u2013851","journal-title":"Contractual democracy. Rev Law Econ"},{"key":"1505_CR59","unstructured":"Gersbach H (2014) Catenarian fiscal discipline, Voxeu Column. https:\/\/cepr.org\/voxeu\/columns\/catenarian-fiscal-discipline"},{"key":"1505_CR60","unstructured":"Gersbach H (2015) Assessment Voting: Ein Vorschlag aus dem Labor der ETH Z\u00fcrich zum Umgang mit Volksinitiativen. Neue Z\u00fcrcher Zeitung, (28.4.2015)"},{"key":"1505_CR61","first-page":"337","volume":"18","author":"H Gersbach","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gersbach H (2017a) Co-voting democracy. Econ Gov 18:337\u2013349","journal-title":"Co-voting democracy. Econ Gov"},{"key":"1505_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mathsocsci.2016.08.010","volume":"85","author":"H Gersbach","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gersbach H (2017b) Flexible majority rules in Democracyville: a guided tour. Math Soc Sci 85:37\u201343","journal-title":"Math Soc Sci"},{"key":"1505_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-53405-3","volume-title":"Redesigning democracy: more ideas for better rules","author":"H Gersbach","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gersbach H (2017c) Redesigning democracy: more ideas for better rules. Springer"},{"issue":"3","key":"1505_CR64","first-page":"33","volume":"12","author":"H Gersbach","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gersbach H (2020a) History-bound reelections. Am Econ J: Microecon 12(3):33\u201375","journal-title":"History-bound reelections. Am Econ J: Microecon"},{"key":"1505_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1007\/s10101-020-00244-5","volume":"21","author":"H Gersbach","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gersbach H (2020b) Democratizing tech giants! A roadmap. Econ Gov 21:351\u2013361","journal-title":"Econ Gov"},{"key":"1505_CR66","unstructured":"Gersbach H (2024) On Pendular Voting, CEPR Discussion Paper (to be published)"},{"key":"1505_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mathsocsci.2009.03.003","volume":"58","author":"H Gersbach","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gersbach H, Kleinschmidt T (2009) Power to youth: designing democracy for long-term well-being. Math Soc Sci 58:158\u2013172","journal-title":"Math Soc Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"1505_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1177\/0951629816664419","volume":"29","author":"H Gersbach","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gersbach H, M\u00fcller M (2017) Higher bars for incumbents and experience. J Theor Polit 29(3):492\u2013513","journal-title":"J Theor Polit"},{"issue":"2","key":"1505_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-4616.2009.00218.x","volume":"41","author":"H Gersbach","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gersbach H, Pachl B (2009) Flexible majority rules for central banks. J Money Credit Bank 41(2):507\u2013516","journal-title":"J Money Credit Bank"},{"key":"1505_CR70","first-page":"203","volume":"113","author":"H Gersbach","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gersbach H, Wickramage K (2021) Balanced Voting. Math Soc Sci 113:203\u2013229","journal-title":"Soc Sci"},{"key":"1505_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gersbach H, Jackson M, Tejada O (2020) The optimal length of political terms, CEPR Discussion Paper No. DP14857","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3615407"},{"key":"1505_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s00199-019-01236-1","volume":"71","author":"H Gersbach","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gersbach H, Imhof S, Tejada O (2021) Channeling the final say in politics: a simple mechanism. Econ Theor 71:151\u2013183","journal-title":"Econ Theor"},{"key":"1505_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jet.2021.105228","volume":"195","author":"H Gersbach","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gersbach H, Mamageishvili A, Tejada O (2021) The effect of handicaps on turnout for large electorates with an application to assessment voting. J Econ Theory 195:105228","journal-title":"J Econ Theory"},{"key":"1505_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gersbach H, Muller P, Tejada O (2021c) Using reelection thresholds to curb political polarization. CEPR Discussion Paper DP16037","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3824653"},{"key":"1505_CR75","unstructured":"Gersbach H, Mamageishvili A, Schneider M (2022a) Risky vote delegation, CEPR Discussion Paper DP17044"},{"key":"1505_CR76","unstructured":"Gersbach H, Mamageishvili A, Tejada O (2022b) Republic or democracy? Co-voting! CEPR Discussion Paper DP17614"},{"key":"1505_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jet.2023.105716","volume":"214","author":"H Gersbach","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gersbach H, Jackson M, Muller P, Tejada O (2023) Electoral competition with costly policy changes: a dynamic perspective. J Econ Theory 214:105716","journal-title":"J Econ Theory"},{"issue":"3","key":"1505_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.3982\/ECTA8852","volume":"79","author":"J Goeree","year":"2011","unstructured":"Goeree J, Yariv L (2011) An experimental study of collective deliberation. Econometrica 79(3):893\u2013921","journal-title":"Econometrica"},{"key":"1505_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geb.2016.10.003","volume":"101","author":"J Goeree","year":"2017","unstructured":"Goeree J, Zhang J (2017) One man, one bid. Games Econom Behav 101:151\u2013171","journal-title":"Games Econom Behav"},{"key":"1505_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199547944.001.0001","volume-title":"Innovating democracy: democratic theory and practice after the deliberative turn","author":"R Goodin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Goodin R (2008) Innovating democracy: democratic theory and practice after the deliberative turn. Oxford University Press"},{"issue":"2","key":"1505_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1007\/s10602-014-9176-9","volume":"26","author":"J Green-Armytage","year":"2015","unstructured":"Green-Armytage J (2015) Direct voting and proxy voting. Const Political Econ 26(2):190\u2013220","journal-title":"Const Political Econ"},{"key":"1505_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/0047-2727(75)90001-8","volume":"4","author":"T Groves","year":"1975","unstructured":"Groves T, Loeb M (1975) Incentives and public inputs. J Public Econ 4:211\u2013226","journal-title":"J Public Econ"},{"issue":"2","key":"1505_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.2307\/2586020","volume":"94","author":"S Guarnaschelli","year":"2000","unstructured":"Guarnaschelli S, McKelvey R, Palfrey T (2000) An experimental study of jury decision rules. Am Political Sci Rev 94(2):407\u2013423","journal-title":"Am Political Sci Rev"},{"key":"1505_CR84","volume-title":"The tyranny of the majority","author":"L Guinier","year":"1994","unstructured":"Guinier L (1994) The tyranny of the majority. Free Press, New York"},{"key":"1505_CR85","unstructured":"Hayek FA (1960) The constitution of liberty. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL. (The constitution of liberty: The Definitive Edition. In: Bruce Caldwell (ed.), The collected works of F.A. Hayek, volume XVII, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 2011)"},{"issue":"4","key":"1505_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1177\/0951629811432658","volume":"24","author":"R Hortala-Vallve","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hortala-Vallve R (2012) Qualitative voting. J Theor Polit 24(4):526\u2013554","journal-title":"Qualitative voting. J Theor Polit"},{"issue":"2","key":"1505_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1086\/260757","volume":"87","author":"A Hylland","year":"1979","unstructured":"Hylland A, Zeckhauser R (1979) The efficient allocation of individuals to positions. J Polit Econ 87(2):293\u2013314","journal-title":"J Polit Econ"},{"key":"1505_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-0262.2007.00737.x","volume":"75","author":"M Jackson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jackson M, Sonnenschein H (2007) Overcoming incentive constraints by linking decisions. Econometrica 75:241\u2013257","journal-title":"Econometrica"},{"key":"1505_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kahng A, Mackenzie S, Procaccia AD (2018) Liquid democracy: an algorithmic perspective. In: Proceedings of the 32nd AAAI conference on artificial intelligence. pp 1095\u20131102","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v32i1.11468"},{"key":"1505_CR90","first-page":"125","volume":"69","author":"L Kaplow","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kaplow L, Kominers SD (2017) Who will vote quadratically? Voter turnout and votes cast under quadratic voting. Am Political Sci Rev 69:125\u2013149","journal-title":"Am Political Sci Rev"},{"key":"1505_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1007\/s10602-019-09294-2","volume":"31","author":"S Kolev","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kolev S (2020) Fortifying the fragile order of democracy: book review. Const Polit Econ 31:142\u2013144","journal-title":"Const Polit Econ"},{"issue":"3","key":"1505_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1086\/670380","volume":"121","author":"Y Koriyama","year":"2013","unstructured":"Koriyama Y, Laslier J-F, Mac\u00e9 A, Treibich R (2013) Optimal apportionment. J Polit Econ 121(3):584\u2013608","journal-title":"J Polit Econ"},{"key":"1505_CR93","unstructured":"Lalley SP, Weyl EG (2019) Nash equilibria for quadratic voting. arXiv:1409.0264v6"},{"key":"1505_CR94","unstructured":"Laslier J-F (2017) Une id\u00e9e en l\u2019air sur la repr\u00e9sentation politique. https:\/\/blogs.mediapart.fr\/jean-francois-laslier\/blog\/190417\/une-idee-en-lair-sur-la-representation-politique"},{"key":"1505_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-02839-7","volume-title":"Handbook of approval voting","author":"J-F Laslier","year":"2010","unstructured":"Laslier J-F, Sanver R (2010) Handbook of approval voting. Springer, Berlin"},{"key":"1505_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s11127-017-0413-4","volume":"172","author":"B Laurence","year":"2017","unstructured":"Laurence B, Sher I (2017) Ethical considerations on quadratic voting. Public Choice 172:195\u2013222","journal-title":"Public Choice"},{"issue":"1","key":"1505_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.2307\/440290","volume":"22","author":"SD Levitt","year":"1997","unstructured":"Levitt SD, Wolfram CD (1997) Decomposing the sources of incumbency advantage in the US House. Legis Stud Q 22(1):45\u201360","journal-title":"Legis Stud Q"},{"key":"1505_CR98","unstructured":"List C (2013) Social choice theory. In: Zalta EN (ed) The Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy (Spring 2022 Edition). https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/archives\/spr2022\/entries\/social-choice"},{"issue":"1","key":"1505_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geb.2011.03.004","volume":"74","author":"M Mandler","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mandler M (2012) The fragility of information aggregation in large elections. Games Econom Behav 74(1):257\u2013268","journal-title":"Games Econom Behav"},{"key":"1505_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jet.2005.02.005","volume":"129","author":"C Martinelli","year":"2006","unstructured":"Martinelli C (2006) Would rational voters acquire costly information? J Econ Theory 129:225\u2013251","journal-title":"J Econ Theory"},{"issue":"5","key":"1505_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.1257\/000282802762024584","volume":"92","author":"E Maug","year":"2002","unstructured":"Maug E, Yilmaz B (2002) Two-class voting: a mechanism for conflict resolution. Am Econ Rev 92(5):1448\u20131471","journal-title":"Am Econ Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"1505_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.2307\/1907651","volume":"20","author":"KO May","year":"1952","unstructured":"May KO (1952) A set of independent necessary and sufficient conditions for simple majority decisions. Econometrica 20(4):680\u2013684","journal-title":"Econometrica"},{"issue":"1","key":"1505_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1093\/restud\/rds026","volume":"80","author":"J McMurray","year":"2013","unstructured":"McMurray J (2013) Aggregating information by voting: the wisdom of the experts versus the wisdom of the masses. Rev Econ Stud 80(1):277\u2013312","journal-title":"Rev Econ Stud"},{"issue":"1","key":"1505_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01718736","volume":"7","author":"JC Miller","year":"1969","unstructured":"Miller JC (1969) A program for direct and proxy voting in the legislative process. Public Choice 7(1):107\u2013113","journal-title":"Public Choice"},{"key":"1505_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.2307\/1885224","volume":"87","author":"DC Mueller","year":"1973","unstructured":"Mueller DC (1973) Constitutional democracy and social welfare. Quart J Econ 87:60\u201380","journal-title":"Quart J Econ"},{"key":"1505_CR106","unstructured":"Nehring K, Puppe C (2019) Resource allocation by frugal majority rule. KIT Working Papers, 131"},{"key":"1505_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139030885","volume-title":"Social choice and legitimacy: the possibilities of impossibility","author":"J Patty","year":"2014","unstructured":"Patty J, Penn EM (2014) Social choice and legitimacy: the possibilities of impossibility. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, MA"},{"key":"1505_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paulin A (2014) Through liquid democracy to sustainable non-bureaucratic government. In: Proceedings of the international conference for e-democracy and open government, pp 205\u2013217","DOI":"10.29379\/jedem.v6i2.298"},{"key":"1505_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.2307\/2981392","volume":"109","author":"L Penrose","year":"1946","unstructured":"Penrose L (1946) The elementary statistics of majority voting. J Roy Stat Soc 109:53\u201357","journal-title":"J Roy Stat Soc"},{"key":"1505_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1525\/9780520340503","volume-title":"The concept of representation","author":"HF Pitkin","year":"1967","unstructured":"Pitkin HF (1967) The concept of representation. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA"},{"key":"1505_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pivato M, Soh A (2020) Weighted representative democracy. J Math Econ 88(C):52\u201363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmateco.2020.03.001"},{"key":"1505_CR112","volume-title":"On representative government and personal representation","author":"S Sterne","year":"1871","unstructured":"Sterne S (1871) On representative government and personal representation. J. B, Lippincott, Philadelphia"},{"key":"1505_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511664458.012","volume-title":"Perspectives on public choice: a handbook, chapter 11","author":"TN Tideman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Tideman TN (1996) Voting and the revelation of preferences for public activities. In: Mueller DC (ed) Perspectives on public choice: a handbook, chapter 11. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 226\u2013244"},{"key":"1505_CR114","volume-title":"Toward a mathematics of politics","author":"G Tullock","year":"1967","unstructured":"Tullock G (1967) Toward a mathematics of politics. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor"},{"issue":"8\u20139","key":"1505_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-7177(92)90087-2","volume":"16","author":"G Tullock","year":"1992","unstructured":"Tullock G (1992) Computerizing politics. Math Comput Model 16(8\u20139):59\u201365","journal-title":"Math Comput Model"},{"key":"1505_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7208\/chicago\/9780226842806.001.0001","volume-title":"Representative democracy: principles and genealogy","author":"N Urbinati","year":"2006","unstructured":"Urbinati N (2006) Representative democracy: principles and genealogy. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL"},{"key":"1505_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1561\/100.00007062","volume":"3","author":"R Van Weelden","year":"2008","unstructured":"Van Weelden R (2008) Deliberation rules and voting. Q. J Political Sci 3:83\u201388","journal-title":"Q. J Political Sci"},{"key":"1505_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vanberg V (2014) Liberalismus und Demokratie: Zu einer vernachl\u00e4ssigten Seite der liberalen Denktradition. Hamburgisches Weltwirtschaftsinstitut Hamburg Policy Paper, 85","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110506006-016"},{"key":"1505_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/s11127-017-0405-4","volume":"172","author":"EG Weyl","year":"2017","unstructured":"Weyl EG (2017) The robustness of quadratic voting. Public Choice 172:75\u2013107","journal-title":"Public Choice"},{"issue":"2","key":"1505_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1257\/jep.33.2.115","volume":"33","author":"P Yared","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yared P (2019) Rising government debt: causes and solutions for a decades-old trend. J Econ Perspect 33(2):115\u2013140","journal-title":"J Econ Perspect"}],"container-title":["Social Choice and Welfare"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00355-023-01505-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00355-023-01505-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00355-023-01505-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]],"date-time":"2024-05-27T07:05:12Z","timestamp":1716793512000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00355-023-01505-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]]},"references-count":120,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["1505"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00355-023-01505-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0176-1714","1432-217X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0176-1714"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1432-217X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 February 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 December 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 March 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}