{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T11:21:04Z","timestamp":1740136864071,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,8]],"date-time":"2014-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1389139200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003329","name":"Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["CSD-2008-00068"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003329","name":"Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["TEC2010-19241-C02-01"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Satell Commun Network"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"SUMMARY<\/jats:title>Modern and future satellite systems working in the Ka and Q\/V bands often require the application of site diversity to mitigate the degradations caused by rain. Satellite systems operating in these bands may make use of multi\u2010beam techniques to provide high\u2010capacity services. To achieve an efficient performance in both techniques, precise information is necessary on the occurrence of simultaneous rain fades in various links under a given satellite coverage. This is attained through the knowledge of the spatial characteristics of rainfall rate over the area of interest.<\/jats:p>The availability of a large database of rain gauge data from about 50 sites in Spain has allowed the undertaking of a study on the large\u2010scale spatial distribution of rainfall rate. Joint distributions and correlation parameters have been investigated for pairs of sites, and experimental results have been compared with predictions based on the ITU\u2010R site diversity model, obtaining the best results when stratiform rainfall is dominant in both sites. Some statistical dependence has been found even for distances above 700\u2009km. The values obtained from the statistical analysis have been represented taking a given site as reference in maps of contour lines using standard mapping procedures. Correlation parameters are expected to decrease with distance; however, the contour maps reveal a significant influence of climatic and geographic factors such as weather fronts, orography or the proximity to the sea. The statistics and maps obtained are useful to optimise both power sharing in multi\u2010beam satellite systems and the application of site diversity. Copyright \u00a9 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/sat.1070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,8]],"date-time":"2014-01-08T10:24:45Z","timestamp":1389176685000},"page":"43-56","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Large\u2010scale correlation of rainfall rate based on data from Spanish sites"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Pedro","family":"Garcia\u2010del\u2010Pino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"EUIT Telecomunicaci\u00f3n Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid Ctra. Valencia km 7 28031 Madrid Spain"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Benarroch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ETSI Telecomunicaci\u00f3n Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid Ciudad Universitaria s\/n 28040 Madrid Spain"}]},{"given":"Jose M.","family":"Riera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ETSI Telecomunicaci\u00f3n Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid Ciudad Universitaria s\/n 28040 Madrid Spain"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"MehrotraR.Regulation of global broadband satellite communications Broadband Series ITU\u2010D Report April 2012. Available:http:\/\/www.itu.int\/broadband."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"ThompsonP EvansB CastanetL BousquetM MathiopoulosT.Concepts and technologies for a terabit\/s satellite.Third International Conference on Advances in Satellite and Space Communications \u2013 SPACOMM 2011 Budapest Hungary April 2011;12\u201319."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2005.858365"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sat.830"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/8.123347"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"83","article-title":"Correlation properties of rainfall rates in the United Kingdom","volume":"135","author":"Fukuchi H","year":"1988","journal-title":"IEE Proc H"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BenarrochA Garcia\u2010del\u2010PinoP RieraJM.Spatial properties of cloud cover and rainfall rate based on data from Spanish sites.EuCAP2006 Nice France November2006;2\u20138 DOI:10.1109\/EUCAP.2006.4584742.","DOI":"10.1109\/EUCAP.2006.4584742"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","unstructured":"CapsoniC LuiniL MartellucciA.From cumulative NWP precipitation data to small scale rain intensity distribution: assessment of a procedure.EuCAP 2011 Rome Italy April 2011;169\u2013173."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","unstructured":"ECMWF.Technical and scientific documentation. ECMWF Library [Available:http:\/\/www.ecmwf.int\/publications]."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAP.2008.2011238"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JeanninN CastanetL LemortonJ FeralL SauvageotH LacosteF.A large scale high resolution channel model for propagation impairment techniques design and optimization.IEEE International Workshop on Satellite and Space Communications Toulouse France October 2008:107\u2013111 DOI:10.1109\/IWSSC.2008.4656760.","DOI":"10.1109\/IWSSC.2008.4656760"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2011RS004915"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAP.2011.2163770"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ett.4460050307"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2008RS003841"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2007RS003793"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/el:20062107"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LAWP.2010.2063413"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","unstructured":"BrostG CookW LipeW.Site diversity considerations for V\/W band satellite.Ka and Broadband Communications Conference Milan Italy October 2010."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","unstructured":"ITU\u2010R Recommendation P.618\u201010.Propagation data and prediction methods required for the design of Earth\u2013space telecommunication systems ITU Geneva Switzerland 2009."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAP.2012.2207073"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","unstructured":"OrdanoL.Assessment of correlation properties of rainfall intensity measured in Italy.International Conference on Antennas and Propagation York England March 1987;334\u2013337."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sat.899"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAP.2005.851750"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","unstructured":"ParaboniA BarbalisciaF.Multiple site attenuation prediction models based on the rainfall structures (meso\u2010 or synoptic\u2010 scales) for advanced TLC or broadcasting systems.URSI 27th GA Maastricht The Netherlands August 2002."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","unstructured":"LystadSL HaytonT MarshA TjeltaT.Interpolation of clear air parameters observed at non\u2010regular observation locations.Climpara'98 Ottawa Canada April 1998."},{"volume-title":"Statistics for Spatial Data","year":"1991","author":"Cressie N","key":"e_1_2_7_28_1"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Satellite Communications and Networking"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fsat.1070","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/sat.1070","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,2]],"date-time":"2023-09-02T21:07:19Z","timestamp":1693688839000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/sat.1070"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,8]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/sat.1070"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/sat.1070","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1542-0973","1542-0981"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1542-0973"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1542-0981"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,8]]}}}