Contents

• Introduction
  • Overview
  • Acknowledgments
    • BNC 1.0
    • BNC World
    • BNC XML

• 1 Design of the corpus
  • 1.1 Purpose
  • 1.2 General definitions
  • 1.3 Composition
  • 1.4 Design of the written component
    • 1.4.1 Sampling basis: production and reception
    • 1.4.2 Selection features
    • 1.4.3 Descriptive features
    • 1.4.4 Selection procedures employed
  • 1.5 Design of the spoken component
    • 1.5.1 The demographically sampled part of the corpus
    • 1.5.2 The context-governed part of the corpus
• 2 Basic structure
  • 2.1 Markup conventions
  • 2.2 An example
  • 2.3 Corpus and text elements
  • 2.4 Segments and words
  • 2.5 Editorial indications
• 3 Written texts
  • 3.1 Divisions of written texts
  • 3.2 Paragraph-level elements and chunks
    • 3.2.1 Headings and captions
    • 3.2.2 Quotations
    • 3.2.3 Spoken paragraphs
    • 3.2.4 Poetry
    • 3.2.5 Lists
    • 3.2.6 Notes and citations
    • 3.2.7 Bibliographic references
  • 3.3 Phrase-level elements
    • 3.3.1 Page breaks
    • 3.3.2 Highlighted phrases
• 4 Spoken texts
  • 4.1 Basic structure: spoken texts
  • 4.2 Utterances
  • 4.3 Paralinguistic phenomena
  • 4.4 Alignment of overlapping speech
• 5 The header
  • 5.1 The file description
    • 5.1.1 The title statement
    • 5.1.2 The edition statement
    • 5.1.3 The extent statement
    • 5.1.4 The publication statement
    • 5.1.5 The source description
  • 5.2 The encoding description
    • 5.2.1 Documentary components of the encoding description
    • 5.2.2 The tagging declaration
    • 5.2.3 The reference and classification declarations
    • 5.2.4 The Xaira Specification
  • 5.3 The profile description
    • 5.3.1 The creation element
    • 5.3.2 The <langUsage> element
    • 5.3.3 The participant description
    • 5.3.4 The setting description
    • 5.3.5 Text classification
  • 5.4 The revision description
• 6 Wordclass Tagging in BNC XML
  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Tokenization: splitting the text into words
  • 6.3 Tagging Guidelines and Borderline Cases
  • 6.4 Ambiguity tags, and the principle of asymmetry
  • 6.5 Guidelines to the Wordclass Tagging
    • 6.5.1 Preliminaries
    • 6.5.2 Introduction to Word Classes
    • 6.5.3 Adverbs
    • 6.5.4 Articles, determiners & pronouns
    • 6.5.5 Prepositions and prepositional adverbs
    • 6.5.6 Conjunctions
    • 6.5.7 Numerals
    • 6.5.8 Miscellaneous other tags
    • 6.5.9 Disambiguation Guide
    • 6.5.10 Features of spoken corpus tagging
  • 6.6 POS-tagging Error Rates
    • 6.6.1 Levels of estimation
    • 6.6.2 Presentation of Ambiguity Rates and Error Rates (fine-grained mode of calculation)
    • 6.6.3 A further mode of calculation: ignoring subcategories of the same part of speech
    • 6.6.4 POS-Tagging Workflow
• 7 Software for the BNC
  • 7.1 Why XML?
  • 7.2 The BNC delivery format
  • 7.3 XML components
• 8 References
• 9 Miscellaneous tables
  • 9.1 XML tag usage by text type
  • 9.2 Voice quality codes
  • 9.3 Gap descriptions
  • 9.4 Event descriptions
  • 9.5 Speaker relationships
  • 9.6 Text and genre classification codes
  • 9.7 Contracted forms and multiwords
    • 9.7.1 Contracted forms
    • 9.7.2 Multiwords
  • 9.8 Simplified Wordclass Tags
• 10 List of Sources
• 11 The Xaira Specification
  • 11.1 Element specification
  • 11.2 Key specification
  • 11.3 Lemma Scheme Specification
  • 11.4 Region Specification
  • 11.5 Reference specification
  • 11.6 Indexing Policies
    • 11.6.1 Index policies NONE and MARKUP
    • 11.6.2 Index policies JOINFROM and JOINTO
    • 11.6.3 Index policy taxonomy
  • 11.7 Language specification
• 12 Formal Specification of the BNC XML schema