Abstract
The development of cancer is associated with alterations to the physiology of the cell caused by multiple changes in its genome. A frequent genomic event in cancer is chromosome translocation, an exchange of large DNA fragments between two non-homologous chromosomes that in many cases leads to the creation of new fusion genes. Chromosome translocations are key events in the initiation or progression of many neoplastic processes. The difficulty in generating specific chromosome translocations in the laboratory has meant that researchers have lacked appropriate cellular models in which to investigate the effect of these key cancer markers. Different genome-engineering strategies used to induce defined chromosome translocations have met with varying success. Recently, the use of the RGEN technology (RNA-guided endonuclease), also known as the CRISPR/Cas9 system, has demonstrated as proof-of-principle that it is possible to engineer cells to undergo these specific chromosomal translocations with high efficiency. Using this advance, it is now possible to easily and accurately generate cell models harboring the same alterations that define tumor cells from patients, allowing researchers to experimentally recapitulate the genomic alterations needed to transform a healthy cell. In this review, we summarize the different methods used to mimic cancer-related chromosomal translocations and highlight the advantages of RGEN technology for improving the generation of models for the study of cancer. These advances will in time lead to the development of better therapeutic approaches to the treatment of cancer.
Keywords: Acute myeloid leukemia, cancer model, chromosome translocation, CRISPR/Cas9, Ewing’s sarcoma, gene editing.
Graphical Abstract
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Age Reversal using transient epigenetc reprogramming with the OSK Yamanaka Factors
Aging is a complex biological process characterized by a gradual deterioration of physiological functions and an increased vulnerability to disease. Recent advancements in the field of regenerative medicine have shown promising avenues for combating aging. Among these, partial epigenetic reprogramming, specifically utilizing the Yamanaka factors, has been shown to reverse ...read more
Bioinformatic Analysis of Regulated Cell Death in Chronic and Acute Inflammatory Diseases
In the intricate realm of inflammatory diseases, delving into the complexities surrounding regulated cell death emerges as an indispensable and forefront area of exploration. Understanding the intricacies of how cells are regulated to undergo death in inflammatory conditions not only represents a pivotal frontier in biomedical research but also holds ...read more
Feeding a vegan World
The Eat-Lancet Planetary diet recommends at least 2/3 plant and microbial sources in the food protein portion. Such diet is recommended against obesity, cancer and to limit global warming, and might get more and more incentives in the next years. We thus need massive amounts of Plant-based food, and the ...read more
Leveraging AI for personalized pediatric neurodevelopmental support
Personalized medicine in pediatrics is a moving target dedicated to finding the right treatment, at the right time, for each individual child in each stage of development. Child development is a highly personal process, unique to each individual, something which is even more apparent in the development of children with ...read more
Related Journals
Related Books
Opportunities for Biotechnology Research and Entrepreneurship
Research Methodology and Project Management in Biotechnology
Recent Progress in Pharmaceutical Nanobiotechnology: A Medical Perspective
Recent Trends In Livestock Innovative Technologies
Algal Biotechnology for Fuel Applications
Terpenoids: Recent Advances in Extraction, Biochemistry and Biotechnology
Recent Advances in Biotechnology
33
